Saccharomyces sensu stricto as a model system for evolution and ecology

Baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is not only an extensively used model system in genetics and molecular biology, it is an upcoming model for research in ecology and evolution. The available body of knowledge and molecular techniques make yeast ideal for work in areas such as evolutionary and ecological genomics, population genetics, microbial biogeography, community ecology and speciation. As long as ecological information remains scarce for this species, the vast amount of data that is being generated using S. cerevisiae as a model system will remain difficult to interpret in an evolutionary context. Here we review the current knowledge of the evolution and ecology of S. cerevisiae and closely related species in the Saccharomyces sensu stricto group, and suggest future research directions.