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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Procurement and Perfusion-Decellularization of Porcine Vascularized Flaps in a Customized Perfusion Bioreactor

Procurement and Perfusion-Decellularization of Porcine Vascularized Flaps in a Customized Perfusion Bioreactor

Published on: August 1, 2022

The interpectoral fascia flap.

Gertrude M Beer¹, Andrew Manestar, Mirjana Manestar

¹Division of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Bodenseeklinik, Rorschacherberg, Switzerland. gertrude.beer@access.unizh.ch

Clinical Anatomy (New York, N.Y.)

|July 29, 2008

Summary

Researchers introduce a new interpectoral fascia flap, a rare type of axial vascularized flap, for reconstructive surgery. This versatile flap offers thin, well-vascularized tissue for various defect repairs.

Area of Science:

Plastic Surgery
Reconstructive Surgery
Anatomy

Background:

Limited availability of axial vascularized fascia flaps for reconstructive needs.
Fascia flaps are crucial for thin, well-vascularized tissue coverage and gliding function.
Existing fascia flaps include temporoparietal, radial forearm, lateral arm, and serratus anterior fascia flaps.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and describe a novel interpectoral fascia flap.
To evaluate the anatomical feasibility and dimensions of the interpectoral fascia flap.
To assess the potential applications of this new flap in reconstructive surgery.

Main Methods:

Dissection of the interpectoral fascia flap from 20 cadavers (40 hemichests).
Selective injection of thoracoacromial vessels with polyurethane.

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Separation of pectoral branches from the pectoralis major muscle to create an independent flap.

Main Results:

Maximum flap dimensions: 13.5 cm length, 10.3 cm breadth.
Vascular pedicle length: 3.9 cm +/- 1.4 cm (range 1.5-6.8 cm).
Arc of rotation: 100% reached the posterior axillary fold, 73% reached the mandibular border.

Conclusions:

The interpectoral fascia flap is a viable new option for reconstructive surgery.
It can be utilized as both a pedicled flap (neck, axilla, sub-nipple reconstruction) and a free flap.
Offers characteristics similar to established fascia flaps for defect and contour repair.