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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
Probability Laws01:49

Probability Laws

Overview
Transcytosis of IgG01:15

Transcytosis of IgG

Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA
04:11

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA

Published on: December 15, 2023

[Hepatitis B and pregnancy].

Y Bacq1

  • 1Service d'Hépatogastroenterologie, Hôpital Trousseau, CHRU de Tours, 37044 Tours cedex, France. bacq@med.univ-tours.fr

Gastroenterologie Clinique Et Biologique
|July 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in pregnant women poses a risk of mother-to-child transmission. Serovaccination of newborns, including vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin (H-BIG), is highly effective in preventing chronic HBV carriage.

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Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells
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Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells

Published on: June 5, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA
04:11

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA

Published on: December 15, 2023

Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells
09:02

Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells

Published on: June 5, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Context:

  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in pregnant women is a significant concern due to the high risk of vertical transmission to newborns.
  • Newborns infected with HBV often develop chronic carrier status, posing long-term health risks.
  • Mandatory screening for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in pregnant women is standard practice in many regions, including France.

Purpose:

  • To outline the critical importance of serovaccination for newborns born to HBsAg-positive mothers.
  • To detail the recommended seroprophylaxis protocol involving vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin (H-BIG).
  • To emphasize the need for follow-up serological testing to confirm vaccine efficacy.

Summary:

  • Serovaccination, comprising intramuscular injection of vaccine and H-BIG, administered within hours of birth, is highly effective (>90%) in preventing perinatal HBV transmission.
  • For pregnant women with very high viral loads, antiviral therapy such as lamivudine may be considered to reduce transmission risk, though its role requires further definition.
  • Comprehensive family serological testing and pediatric follow-up for infants testing positive for HBsAg are essential.

Impact:

  • Successful implementation of serovaccination protocols significantly reduces the incidence of chronic HBV infection in newborns.
  • Early detection and intervention strategies, including potential antiviral therapy for mothers with high viral loads, can further mitigate transmission risks.
  • Ensuring complete serological testing and appropriate medical consultation for affected families is crucial for disease management and prevention.