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A pilot study of colonic B cell pattern in irritable bowel syndrome
Johan Forshammar1, Stefan Isaksson, Hans Strid
1Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy of Göteborg University, Sweden.
Objective:
Low-grade gastrointestinal inflammation has been reported in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, the colonic B-cell pattern has not been investigated in these patients. Therefore, the aim of this pilot study was to investigate the distribution and isotype of immunoglobulin-producing B cells in the colonic mucosa of IBS patients.
Material And Methods:
Patients with IBS (n=12) fulfilling the Rome II criteria were compared with controls (n=11). Immunohistochemical staining of biopsies from the sigmoid and ascending colon was performed.
Results:
The number of IgA(+) B cells in the ascending colon was lower in IBS patients than in controls (p=0.039). Furthermore, unlike controls, IBS patients had a reduction of IgA(+) B cells in the ascending colon relative to the sigmoid colon (p=0.04). Neither the IgG(+), nor the IgM(+) colonic B-cell numbers differed between IBS patients and controls. Very few colonic IgE(+) cells were detected and there was no difference between the two subject groups.
Conclusions:
The reduced number of colonic IgA(+) B cells in IBS patients suggests that the disorder may be associated with a modified gut immune defence. Whether this phenomenon is causally related to symptoms remains unknown and merits further investigation in a larger group of patients.
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