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Related Concept Videos

Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation01:25

Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation

Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.
Photoluminescence: Fluorescence and Phosphorescence01:23

Photoluminescence: Fluorescence and Phosphorescence

Photoluminescence is a process where a molecule absorbs light energy and re-emits it in the form of light. This phenomenon occurs when a substance absorbs photons, promoting its electrons to higher energy level excited states, followed by a relaxation process in which the electrons return to their original ground state energy levels and emit light. Photoluminescence is widely observed in various materials, including semiconductors, and organic and inorganic compounds.
A pair of electrons in a...
Photoluminescence: Applications01:14

Photoluminescence: Applications

Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...
Two-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology01:29

Two-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology

Two-dimensional (2D) microscopy encompasses a range of optical techniques that capture images within a single focal plane, offering detailed representations of microscopic structures. These techniques are essential in biological and medical research, enabling the visualization of cellular and subcellular structures with different levels of contrast and specificity.There are several major types of 2D microscopy, each with strengths and applications.Bright-Field MicroscopyBright-field microscopy...
Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy01:37

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been developed.
Variables Affecting Phosphorescence and Fluorescence01:26

Variables Affecting Phosphorescence and Fluorescence

Fluorescence and phosphorescence are essential phenomena in fields like analytical chemistry, biological imaging, and materials science, where they detect molecular properties and visualize cellular structures. Understanding the variables that influence these luminescent behaviors is crucial for maximizing accuracy and efficiency in their applications. These variables can broadly be grouped into chemical structure, solvent properties, and external conditions, each playing a distinct role in...

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Cerebral Blood Oxygenation Measurement Based on Oxygen-dependent Quenching of Phosphorescence
08:58

Cerebral Blood Oxygenation Measurement Based on Oxygen-dependent Quenching of Phosphorescence

Published on: May 4, 2011

Oxygen microscopy by two-photon-excited phosphorescence.

Olga S Finikova1, Artem Y Lebedev, Alexey Aprelev

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvannia, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6059, USA.

Chemphyschem : a European Journal of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry
|July 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary

A novel dendritic nanoprobe enhances two-photon laser scanning microscopy (2P LSM) for high-resolution oxygen imaging. This method accurately maps oxygen gradients in cells, independent of probe concentration.

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Cerebral Blood Oxygenation Measurement Based on Oxygen-dependent Quenching of Phosphorescence
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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Nanotechnology
  • Cellular Imaging

Background:

  • Accurate oxygen distribution mapping is crucial for understanding cellular processes.
  • Existing imaging techniques face limitations in resolution and probe concentration dependence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-resolution oxygen imaging technique using two-photon laser scanning microscopy (2P LSM).
  • To create a novel dendritic nanoprobe with enhanced two-photon absorption (2PA) for improved oxygen sensing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a dendritic nanoprobe with an enhanced 2PA cross-section and intramolecular energy transfer.
  • Employed 2P LSM for high-resolution imaging of oxygen gradients.
  • Implemented lifetime-based acquisition to eliminate probe concentration dependency.

Main Results:

  • Achieved near diffraction-limited resolution for oxygen distribution imaging.
  • Successfully validated the technique on samples with known oxygen distributions.
  • Applied the method for imaging partial pressure of oxygen (pO(2)) within cells.

Conclusions:

  • The developed dendritic nanoprobe and 2P LSM technique provide high-resolution oxygen imaging capabilities.
  • Lifetime-based acquisition ensures reliable measurements independent of probe concentration.
  • This advancement enables precise analysis of oxygen dynamics in cellular environments.