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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Transformation01:33

Bacterial Transformation

In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
Bacterial Transformation01:33

Bacterial Transformation

In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
Electrophilic Addition to Alkynes: Hydrohalogenation02:35

Electrophilic Addition to Alkynes: Hydrohalogenation

Electrophilic addition of hydrogen halides, HX (X = Cl, Br or I) to alkenes forms alkyl halides as per Markovnikov's rule, where the hydrogen gets added to the less substituted carbon of the double bond. Hydrohalogenation of alkynes takes place in a similar manner, with the first addition of HX forming a vinyl halide and the second giving a geminal dihalide.
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever01:26

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.
Rabies01:28

Rabies

Rabies is a lethal zoonotic disease caused by a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus of the Lyssavirus genus, within the family Rhabdoviridae. Its primary mode of transmission to humans is through bites or saliva-contaminated scratches from infected mammals such as dogs, bats, raccoons, or foxes. Transmission can also occur if infectious saliva contacts abraded skin or intact mucous membranes, including the conjunctiva.Viral Entry and Early ReplicationOnce introduced at the bite or scratch...
Toxoplasmosis01:28

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, poses significant public health challenges globally due to its high seroprevalence and varied clinical manifestations. As an obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii can infect all warm-blooded vertebrates, but felids are its only definitive hosts, shedding unsporulated oocysts into the environment. Humans typically acquire the infection through ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked meat or oocysts from...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Microscopy-based Assays for High-throughput Screening of Host Factors Involved in Brucella Infection of Hela Cells
15:29

Microscopy-based Assays for High-throughput Screening of Host Factors Involved in Brucella Infection of Hela Cells

Published on: August 5, 2016

Brucella: a Mr "Hide" converted into Dr Jekyll.

Jean-Pierre Gorvel1

  • 1Marseille Aix Marseille Université, Faculté des Sciences de Luminy, F-13288, France. gorvel@ciml.univ-mrs.fr

Microbes and Infection
|July 31, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brucellosis is a reemerging infectious disease caused by Brucella bacteria. These pathogens are difficult to combat because they possess strategies to evade the human immune system.

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Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Microscopy-based Assays for High-throughput Screening of Host Factors Involved in Brucella Infection of Hela Cells
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Published on: August 5, 2016

Phage-Mediated Genetic Manipulation of the Lyme Disease Spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi
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Phage-Mediated Genetic Manipulation of the Lyme Disease Spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi

Published on: September 28, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by Gram-negative alpha-Proteobacteria of the genus Brucella.
  • Brucella melitensis, Brucella suis, Brucella abortus, and Brucella cetaceae are pathogenic to humans.
  • Brucella melitensis is the most infectious strain for humans and exhibits the least host specificity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the challenges in combating brucellosis.
  • To understand the immune evasion strategies employed by Brucella bacteria.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on Brucella species and their pathogenicity.
  • Analysis of bacterial immune evasion mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Brucellosis remains a significant public health concern due to its reemerging nature.
  • Pathogenic Brucella have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to evade host immune responses.

Conclusions:

  • The ability of Brucella to hide from immune recognition contributes to the difficulty in controlling this reemerging disease.
  • Further research into these evasion strategies is crucial for developing effective treatments and prevention methods.