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Related Concept Videos

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...
Alterations in Muscle Tone lll01:11

Alterations in Muscle Tone lll

Rigidity and myotonia are distinct abnormalities of muscle tone that affect resistance and relaxation during movement. Although both involve altered muscle contraction, they arise from different neurological and muscular mechanisms.CharacteristicsRigidity is characterized by uniform resistance to passive movement across the entire range, independent of speed, affecting flexors and extensors equally. It may appear as lead-pipe rigidity (smooth, constant resistance) or cogwheel rigidity...
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Directly Acting Muscle Relaxants: Dantrolene and Botulinum Toxin01:26

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Directly acting muscle relaxants like dantrolene and botulinum toxin (BoNT) have distinct mechanisms and applications. Dantrolene, a hydantoin derivative, acts on the ryanodine receptor (RYR1) in skeletal muscle cells. RYR1 are calcium channels present at the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane. In response to excitation, they release calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol. Calcium promotes actin-myosin-mediated contraction of muscles.
The binding of dantrolene to the RYR1...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Measurement & Analysis of the Temporal Discrimination Threshold Applied to Cervical Dystonia
10:05

Measurement & Analysis of the Temporal Discrimination Threshold Applied to Cervical Dystonia

Published on: January 27, 2018

Transient tardive dystonia: overview and case presentation.

Mary V Seeman1, David Clodman, Gary Remington

  • 1University of Toronto Institute of Medical Science, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S1A8. mary.seeman@utoronto.ca

Journal of Psychiatric Practice
|July 31, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Transient oromandibular dystonia occurred after a dental filling in a patient on quetiapine. Symptoms resolved with medication adjustment and benztropine, suggesting a dental procedure can trigger dystonia in susceptible individuals.

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Implantation of Osmotic Pumps and Induction of Stress to Establish a Symptomatic, Pharmacological Mouse Model for DYT/PARK-ATP1A3 Dystonia

Published on: September 12, 2020

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Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Measurement & Analysis of the Temporal Discrimination Threshold Applied to Cervical Dystonia
10:05

Measurement & Analysis of the Temporal Discrimination Threshold Applied to Cervical Dystonia

Published on: January 27, 2018

Implantation of Osmotic Pumps and Induction of Stress to Establish a Symptomatic, Pharmacological Mouse Model for DYT/PARK-ATP1A3 Dystonia
10:41

Implantation of Osmotic Pumps and Induction of Stress to Establish a Symptomatic, Pharmacological Mouse Model for DYT/PARK-ATP1A3 Dystonia

Published on: September 12, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Dystonia involves involuntary muscle contractions causing abnormal postures.
  • Tardive dystonia, a persistent form, arises from long-term dopamine antagonist use, affecting ~3% of antipsychotic patients.
  • Drug-induced dystonia can be transient, resolving upon dose reduction or drug cessation.

Observation:

  • A case of transient oromandibular dystonia following a dental filling is presented.
  • The patient was receiving quetiapine, a second-generation antipsychotic.
  • The dystonia's timing, location, and transient nature suggested the dental procedure as a potential trigger.

Findings:

  • The oromandibular dystonia resolved within 8 weeks.
  • Treatment involved benztropine and a reduced quetiapine dosage.
  • Symptoms did not recur after discontinuing benztropine.

Implications:

  • This case highlights that dental procedures may transiently trigger dystonia in patients on antipsychotics.
  • Prompt management, including medication adjustment, can effectively treat such cases.
  • Recommendations are provided for psychiatric clinicians managing patients at risk for drug-induced dystonia.