Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R stands for...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Full spatio-temporal analyses of migration and colonization in evolution-dense 3D mapping of cancer metastases provides new insights.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
Same author

Homoharringtonine is highly effective against SARS-CoV-2: a potential first-line defense in future coronavirus epidemics.

National science review·2025
Same author

Genomic evidence for males of exceptional reproductive output (ERO) in apes and humans.

National science review·2025
Same author

Characterization of cancer-driving nucleotides (CDNs) across genes, cancer types, and patients.

eLife·2024
Same author

The theory of massively repeated evolution and full identifications of cancer-driving nucleotides (CDNs).

eLife·2024
Same author

Artificial intelligence and biological research.

National science review·2024
Same journal

Thymidylate synthase inhibitory drugs induce p53-dependent pathways differently.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Top-down and bottom-up attention for joint pattern classification and reconstruction.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Short- and long-term scaling behavior of blood pressure and pulse arrival time during sleep in healthy controls and patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Double DQN-based secrecy energy efficiency and fairness performance in IRS-assisted NOMA systems with friendly jamming.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

10 recommendations for strengthening citizen science for improved societal and ecological outcomes: A co-produced analysis of challenges and opportunities in the 21st century.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Paying in public: Peer effects, impression management, and willingness to pay on digital payment platforms.

PloS one·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

HeLa Based Cell Free Expression Systems for Expression of Plasmodium Rhoptry Proteins
09:03

HeLa Based Cell Free Expression Systems for Expression of Plasmodium Rhoptry Proteins

Published on: June 10, 2015

Poly A- transcripts expressed in HeLa cells.

Qingfa Wu1, Yeong C Kim, Jian Lu

  • 1Center for Functional Genomics, Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, ENH Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.

Plos One
|July 31, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a Total RNA Detection (TRD) system to identify polyadenylated (poly A+) and non-polyadenylated (poly A-) transcripts. This study reveals that 24% of cytoplasmic transcripts in HeLa cells are poly A-, highlighting their importance in understanding the transcriptome.

More Related Videos

Efficient Transcriptionally Controlled Plasmid Expression System for Investigation of the Stability of mRNA Transcripts in Primary Alveolar Epithelial Cells
10:49

Efficient Transcriptionally Controlled Plasmid Expression System for Investigation of the Stability of mRNA Transcripts in Primary Alveolar Epithelial Cells

Published on: March 6, 2020

A Convenient and General Expression Platform for the Production of Secreted Proteins from Human Cells
07:09

A Convenient and General Expression Platform for the Production of Secreted Proteins from Human Cells

Published on: July 31, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

HeLa Based Cell Free Expression Systems for Expression of Plasmodium Rhoptry Proteins
09:03

HeLa Based Cell Free Expression Systems for Expression of Plasmodium Rhoptry Proteins

Published on: June 10, 2015

Efficient Transcriptionally Controlled Plasmid Expression System for Investigation of the Stability of mRNA Transcripts in Primary Alveolar Epithelial Cells
10:49

Efficient Transcriptionally Controlled Plasmid Expression System for Investigation of the Stability of mRNA Transcripts in Primary Alveolar Epithelial Cells

Published on: March 6, 2020

A Convenient and General Expression Platform for the Production of Secreted Proteins from Human Cells
07:09

A Convenient and General Expression Platform for the Production of Secreted Proteins from Human Cells

Published on: July 31, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Transcriptomics

Background:

  • Eukaryotic transcripts are classified as poly A+ or poly A- based on the 3' poly A tail.
  • Poly A- transcripts remain largely uncharacterized compared to poly A+ transcripts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a system for identifying both poly A+ and poly A- transcripts.
  • To characterize the poly A- transcript population in eukaryotic cells.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the Total RNA Detection (TRD) system.
  • Utilized ribosomal and small-size transcript depletion.
  • Synthesized cDNA irrespective of poly A tail status.
  • Employed 454 sequencing for 3' EST collection.
  • Mapped sequences to the human genome for origin determination.

Main Results:

  • Identified 24% poly A-, 36% poly A+, and 40% bimorphic transcripts in HeLa cells.
  • Most poly A- transcripts did not match known sequences.
  • Poly A- transcripts showed similar genomic distribution and conserved intergenic regions as poly A+ transcripts.
  • Confirmed the authenticity of detected poly A- transcripts.

Conclusions:

  • Provided the first large-scale sequence evidence for poly A- transcripts in eukaryotes.
  • The abundance of poly A- transcripts necessitates their comprehensive identification.
  • Essential for transcriptome decoding, genome annotation, and studying biological relevance.