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A Spine Robotic-Assisted Navigation System for Pedicle Screw Placement

A Spine Robotic-Assisted Navigation System for Pedicle Screw Placement

Published on: May 11, 2020

A new fluoroscopy-free navigation device for distal interlocking screw placement.

M-Y Lee¹, C H Kuo, S-S Hung

¹Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. leemiy@mail.cgu.edu.tw

Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology

|July 31, 2008

Summary

This study introduces a novel fluoroscopy-free navigation device for precise distal locking screw placement in tibia fractures. The sound-guided system enhances accuracy and simplifies the interlocking nailing procedure for orthopaedic surgeons.

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Area of Science:

Orthopaedic Surgery
Medical Device Technology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Distal locking screw placement during tibia intramedullary nailing is challenging for surgeons.
Current methods often rely on intra-operative fluoroscopy, increasing radiation exposure.
A need exists for improved, non-invasive techniques for accurate screw placement.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a fluoroscopy-free, non-contact navigation device for precise distal locking screw insertion in tibia fractures.
To assess the device's accuracy, efficiency, and safety in both in vitro and clinical settings.
To reduce surgeon discomfort and radiation exposure during interlocking nailing procedures.

Main Methods:

A novel navigation device was developed, incorporating a 5-DOF passive robotic arm, spatial coordinate registration, GUI, and sound-guided navigation.

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The system uses 3D digitization to register bone landmarks and guide screw placement via auditory cues.

In vitro testing on donor bone and a clinical case in a tibia fracture patient were performed.

Main Results:

The device enabled accurate placement of distal interlocking screws without intra-operative fluoroscopy.
Successful in vitro assessment and a complication-free clinical case were achieved.
Key metrics including operation time, screw insertion, radiation time, and accuracy were evaluated.

Conclusions:

The developed fluoroscopy-free navigation device is effective for accurate distal locking screw placement in tibia intramedullary nailing.
This technology offers a promising alternative to traditional methods, enhancing surgical precision and patient safety.
The system simplifies a critical surgical step, potentially improving outcomes for tibia fracture treatment.