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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in the...
Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:24

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.
Type II Diabetes I: Introduction01:26

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...

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Related Experiment Videos

Self-management in type 2 diabetes: the adolescent perspective.

Shelagh A Mulvaney1,2, Eniola Mudasiru3, David G Schlundt4

  • 1The School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Dr Mulvaney, Ms Baughman)

The Diabetes Educator
|August 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Adolescents with type 2 diabetes face many self-management barriers, including social pressures and environmental factors. Interventions should address individual, family, and social aspects to improve diabetes care.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes in adolescents presents unique self-management challenges.
  • Understanding adolescent perspectives is crucial for effective diabetes care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify barriers and facilitators influencing self-management in adolescents with type 2 diabetes.
  • To explore adolescent perceptions of their diabetes self-management journey.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative study using focus groups with 24 adolescents (ages 13-19) diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.
  • Data collected through semi-structured interviews facilitated by trained professionals.
  • Transcripts analyzed using qualitative coding and NVIVO software.

Main Results:

  • Four key domains emerged: psychosocial development, influence of others, environmental factors, and coping skills.
  • Barriers included social stigma, embarrassment, and balancing competing interests.
  • Facilitators and barriers were identified within each domain, with significant impact from family and school environments.

Conclusions:

  • Adolescents with type 2 diabetes encounter numerous self-management barriers, particularly social and environmental.
  • Effective interventions must be multimodal, targeting individual, family, and social dynamics.
  • Addressing psychosocial and environmental factors is key to enhancing diabetes self-management in this population.