Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

A Rabbit Venous Interposition Model Mimicking Revascularization Surgery using Vein Grafts to Assess Intimal Hyperplasia under Arterial Blood Pressure
07:02

A Rabbit Venous Interposition Model Mimicking Revascularization Surgery using Vein Grafts to Assess Intimal Hyperplasia under Arterial Blood Pressure

Published on: May 15, 2020

Pathophysiology of aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass graft disease

Seyed-Ahmad Hassantash1, Behnood Bikdeli, Shadi Kalantarian

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Modarres Medical Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Saadat-Abad, Tehran, Iran. sahassan@pol.net

Asian Cardiovascular & Thoracic Annals
|August 2, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass grafts often fail due to atherosclerosis. This review details vein graft atherosclerosis, highlighting its unique characteristics compared to arterial disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Vascular Biology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass grafting is a common treatment for coronary artery disease.
  • Graft failure, with a 10-year patency rate of 50%-60%, limits long-term effectiveness.
  • Graft failure is attributed to thrombosis, fibrointimal hyperplasia, and atherosclerosis at different time points.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiologic aspects of vein graft atherosclerosis.
  • To emphasize late graft occlusion and its distinct features.
  • To compare venous atherosclerosis with arterial atherosclerosis regarding histology, pathophysiology, and risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on pathophysiologic aspects of vein graft atherosclerosis.
  • Analysis of histological and temporal changes in vein graft disease.
  • Comparison of risk factors and pathological mechanisms between arterial and venous atherosclerosis.

Main Results:

  • Vein graft atherosclerosis exhibits accelerated, diffuse concentric changes.
  • Venous plaques have less distinct fibrous caps, increasing vulnerability to rupture and thrombosis.
  • Vein graft atherosclerosis differs significantly from arterial atherosclerosis in its progression and characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the unique pathophysiology of vein graft atherosclerosis is crucial for improving graft patency.
  • Further research is needed to clarify specific aspects of vein graft atherosclerosis.
  • Distinguishing between arterial and venous atherosclerosis is important for targeted therapeutic strategies.

More Related Videos

Vein Interposition Model: A Suitable Model to Study Bypass Graft Patency07:22

Vein Interposition Model: A Suitable Model to Study Bypass Graft Patency

Published on: January 15, 2017

Synergizing Antegrade Endoscopic with Bridging Vein Harvesting for Improvement of Great Saphenous Vein Graft Quality from the Lower Leg09:04

Synergizing Antegrade Endoscopic with Bridging Vein Harvesting for Improvement of Great Saphenous Vein Graft Quality from the Lower Leg

Published on: November 19, 2019

Related Concept Videos

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations01:30

Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...