Phase-space representation and polarization domains of random electromagnetic fields

Area of Science:

• Electromagnetism and Optics
• Wave Phenomena

Background:

• Understanding the behavior of stationary random electromagnetic fields is crucial for various optical applications.
• Existing models may not fully capture the complex interplay of power, coherence, and polarization during field propagation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel phase-space representation for stationary random electromagnetic fields.
• To investigate the propagation dynamics of field power, spatial coherence, and polarization.
• To theoretically predict and analyze the structure of field polarization, such as polarization domains.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing electromagnetic spatial coherence wavelets to construct the phase-space representation.
• Analyzing correlations between field vector components at different spatial points.
• Generalizing the Poynting theorem within the developed phase-space framework.
• Numerically simulating the Young experiment with electromagnetic waves to validate theoretical predictions.

Main Results:

• A new phase-space representation for stationary random electromagnetic fields has been successfully developed.
• The propagation of field power and coherence states is shown to result from spatial correlations.
• Theoretical prediction of polarization domains as a key feature of field polarization structure.
• Demonstration of the phase-space representation as a generalization of the Poynting theorem.

Conclusions:

• The developed phase-space representation offers a comprehensive framework for analyzing random electromagnetic fields.
• The findings provide insights into the propagation mechanisms and polarization structures of these fields.
• Numerical simulations confirm the theoretical predictions, paving the way for potential experimental verification.