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Decrease of 4,5,6,7-tetrachlorophthalide in paddy field soil after aerial application.

M Iwashita¹, T Maeda, T Hori

¹Faculty of Applied Life Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

|August 2, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study tracked the fungicide 4,5,6,7-tetrachlorophthalide (phthalide) in paddy soil after aerial application. Phthalide showed a half-life of 20-31 days, indicating moderate persistence in the soil environment.

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Area of Science:

Agricultural Science
Environmental Chemistry
Soil Science

Background:

Fungicides are crucial for crop protection in paddy fields.
Understanding pesticide fate in soil is vital for environmental risk assessment.
Aerial application of pesticides requires specific knowledge of their soil behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the variation and decrease of 4,5,6,7-tetrachlorophthalide (phthalide) in paddy field soil.
To evaluate the soil sorption and persistence of phthalide after aerial application.
To determine the half-life of phthalide in paddy soil.

Main Methods:

Aerial application of phthalide using a radio-controlled helicopter.
Soil sampling at various time points post-application.
Quantification of phthalide concentrations in soil samples.
Calculation of organic carbon normalized soil sorption coefficient (Koc).
Determination of phthalide half-life.

Main Results:

Maximum phthalide concentrations ranged from 309-320 microg/kg dry soil (83%-96% of applied).
Initial Koc values were 94-96 mL/g at 1 hour, increasing significantly over time (up to 4,700-7,200 mL/g at 14 days).
Phthalide exhibited a half-life of 20-31 days in paddy field soil.

Conclusions:

Phthalide applied aerially demonstrates significant sorption to paddy soil, with Koc values increasing post-application.
The calculated half-life suggests moderate persistence of phthalide in this environment.
Further research is recommended to understand the long-term environmental implications of phthalide use in agriculture.