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Related Concept Videos

Complement System01:27

Complement System

The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a membrane...
Peripheral Nervous System: Ganglia and Nerves01:24

Peripheral Nervous System: Ganglia and Nerves

The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is a crucial component of the body's neural network, extending beyond the central nervous system (CNS) to bridge the gap between the CNS and the external environment. It encompasses nerves, ganglia, and sensory receptors.
Nerves
The nerve is a bundle of axons that serves as the communication highway in the PNS. Each nerve is ensheathed in a protective layer of connective tissue called the epineurium. This outermost layer safeguards the nerve and supports the...
Nervous System01:21

Nervous System

The nervous system coordinates body functions through its complex network of nerve cells, enabling sensation and movement. It is divided into two primary parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is composed of the brain and the spinal cord. The brain acts as the body's control center, processing sensory information and coordinating responses. The spinal cord functions as a major signaling pathway for the brain and the rest of the body.
Extending...
Functional Divisions of the Nervous System01:23

Functional Divisions of the Nervous System

The nervous system, responsible for sensing, integrating, and responding to various stimuli, is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The PNS has two functional divisions: the sensory or afferent division and the motor or efferent division.
The sensory division transmits information from sensory receptors in the body to the CNS. It provides the CNS with knowledge about somatic senses (such as tactile, thermal, pain, and proprioceptive sensations)...
Organization of the Nervous System01:13

Organization of the Nervous System

The nervous system is one of the most complex systems in our body. It is organized into two main divisions: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
The CNS, comprising the brain and spinal cord, houses billions of neurons. The brain is housed in the skull, while the spinal cord is linked to the brain through the foramen magnum of the occipital bone and is surrounded by the protective structure of the vertebral column. It is responsible for processing various...
Glial Cells01:04

Glial Cells

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

The Fibular Nerve Injury Method: A Reliable Assay to Identify and Test Factors That Repair Neuromuscular Junctions
06:01

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Published on: August 11, 2016

The complement system in the peripheral nerve: friend or foe?

V Ramaglia1, M R Daha, F Baas

  • 1Neurogenetics Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Molecular Immunology
|August 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary

The complement system is vital for immunity, but its imbalance can harm peripheral nerves. This review explores the dual role of complement activation in nerve health, injury, and disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience
  • Complement System Biology

Background:

  • The complement system is crucial for innate immunity and links innate and adaptive immune responses.
  • Maintaining a balance between complement activation and regulation is essential for pathogen elimination and preventing host tissue damage.
  • Disruption of this balance can lead to complement-mediated injury and contribute to diseases like neuropathies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence of local synthesis of complement factors and regulators within the peripheral nerve.
  • To discuss the protective and detrimental roles of complement activation in the peripheral nerve during health, injury, and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating complement system components in peripheral nerve tissue.
  • Analysis of research examining the effects of complement activation on peripheral nerve function and pathology.

Main Results:

  • Evidence indicates that complement factors and regulators are synthesized locally in the peripheral nerve.
  • The complement system can play both protective and detrimental roles in peripheral nerve health and disease.

Conclusions:

  • The complement system is an active participant in peripheral nerve biology.
  • Understanding the specific roles of complement activation in the peripheral nerve is critical for developing therapeutic strategies for neuropathies.