[Imatinib therapy in chronic myeloid leukemia]

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Molecular Biology

Context:

• Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a stem cell malignancy characterized by the Philadelphia chromosome and BCR-ABL fusion gene.
• The tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib has revolutionized CML treatment, demonstrating high response rates.
• Understanding optimal treatment sequencing and response kinetics is crucial for CML management.

Purpose:

• To evaluate the cytogenetic and molecular responses in chronic phase CML patients treated with imatinib.
• To assess the impact of hydroxyurea pretreatment on response depth and speed.
• To analyze treatment outcomes in both imatinib-naïve and pretreated CML patient groups.

Summary:

• 21 chronic phase CML patients were assessed for treatment response.
• 13 patients received upfront imatinib, while 7 had prior interferon/chemotherapy; all received hydroxyurea until hematologic remission.
• Complete cytogenetic remission by 6 months and major molecular response by 12 months were achieved in all patients.

Impact:

• Imatinib therapy leads to complete cytogenetic and major molecular responses in chronic phase CML.
• Hydroxyurea pretreatment may contribute to faster and deeper cytogenetic and molecular responses, especially in imatinib-naïve patients.
• These findings support imatinib's efficacy and suggest a potential role for hydroxyurea in optimizing early treatment outcomes for CML.