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Related Concept Videos

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation01:20

Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation

Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
Constant Pressure Calorimetry03:02

Constant Pressure Calorimetry

Calorimetry is a technique used to measure the amount of heat involved in a chemical or physical process or to measure the heat transferred to or from a substance. The heat is exchanged with a calibrated and insulated device called the calorimeter. Calorimetry experiments are based on the assumption that there is no heat exchange between the insulated calorimeter and the external environment. The well-insulated calorimeters prevent the transfer of heat between the calorimeter and its external...
Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...

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Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices
08:29

Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices

Published on: June 3, 2015

Diffusion as a tool of measuring temperature inside a capillary.

Michael U Musheev1, Sahar Javaherian, Victor Okhonin

  • 1Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada.

Analytical Chemistry
|August 5, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new method for measuring capillary electrophoresis (CE) temperature using a molecular probe's diffusion coefficient. This nonspectral approach offers improved accuracy and precision for temperature determination in CE experiments.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Accurate temperature monitoring is crucial for capillary electrophoresis (CE) applications involving temperature-sensitive biomolecular interactions.
  • Existing methods rely on spectral parameters of molecular probes, which have inherent limitations in accuracy and precision.
  • The need for a more robust and precise temperature determination method in CE is evident.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate a novel method for determining temperature inside a capillary electrophoresis capillary.
  • To utilize a nonspectral parameter, the diffusion coefficient of a molecular probe, for temperature measurements.
  • To assess the impact of joule heating and heat dissipation on temperature within the capillary.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a precise method for measuring the diffusion coefficient of a molecular probe within a capillary.
  • Utilizing the precisely measured diffusion coefficient to determine the temperature inside the capillary.
  • Investigating the effects of varying joule heat generation and heat dissipation efficiencies on capillary temperature.

Main Results:

  • A novel approach for measuring diffusion coefficients in capillaries achieved a relative standard deviation as low as 2.1%.
  • Precise diffusion coefficient measurements enabled accurate temperature determination in CE with a precision of 1°C.
  • The method was successfully applied to study joule heating and heat dissipation effects.

Conclusions:

  • Measuring the diffusion coefficient of a molecular probe is a viable and accurate method for temperature determination in CE.
  • This nonspectral approach overcomes limitations of traditional spectral methods, offering enhanced precision.
  • The technique is potentially adaptable to various nonspectroscopic detection schemes, including electrochemical and mass spectrometry.