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The Blood-brain Barrier

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Drug distribution in the body is intricately regulated by various physiological barriers that control the passage of substances. These include the capillary endothelial barrier, the blood-brain, blood-cerebrospinal fluid, blood-placental, and blood-testis barriers.
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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...

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Related Experiment Video

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Osmotic Minipump Implantation for Increasing Glucose Concentration in Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid

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Published on: April 7, 2023

Diabetes, cognitive function, and the blood-brain barrier.

¹Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. jhuber@hsc.wvu.edu

Current Pharmaceutical Design

|August 5, 2008

Summary

Diabetes mellitus significantly impacts blood vessels, increasing risks for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This review explores how diabetes affects the brain

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Endocrinology
Vascular Biology

Background:

Diabetes mellitus is a systemic disease impacting vasculature, increasing risks for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular conditions.
Both large and small blood vessels are affected, with microangiopathy (small vessel dysfunction) driving diabetes-related disabilities.
Increased incidences of vascular dementia and potential links to Alzheimer's disease are noted in diabetic individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the relationship between diabetes mellitus and cognitive changes.
To focus on the role of cerebral microvascular alterations and blood-brain barrier dysfunction in cognitive decline.

Main Methods:

Literature review of clinical evidence and scientific communications.
Analysis of the impact of diabetes on cerebral microvasculature.

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Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Osmotic Minipump Implantation for Increasing Glucose Concentration in Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid

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Examination of blood-brain barrier structure and function in the context of diabetes.

Main Results:

Diabetes mellitus affects both macrovascular and microvascular systems.
Endothelial dysfunction in microangiopathy is a key factor in diabetes complications.
Cerebral microvascular changes and blood-brain barrier alterations are implicated in cognitive impairment in diabetics.

Conclusions:

Diabetes mellitus poses significant risks to cerebral microvasculature.
Alterations in blood-brain barrier structure and function may contribute to long-term cognitive decline in diabetes.
Further research is needed to fully understand the impact of diabetes on the brain.