Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Reporter Genes

Reporter Genes

Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.
Commonly used reporter...

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Standardization of a silver stain to reveal mesoscale myelin in histological preparations of the mammalian brain.

Journal of neuroscience methods·2024

Same author

Global cross-cultural validation of a brief measure for identifying potential suicide risk in 42 countries.

Public health·2024

Same author

Development of reference intervals for serum biochemistry and haematology of juvenile green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) in a Thai rehabilitation centre.

Australian veterinary journal·2024

Same author

Gravity complexes as a focus of seafloor fluid seepage: the Rio Grande Cone, SE Brazil.

Scientific reports·2023

Same author

Broad scale proteomic analysis of heat-destabilised symbiosis in the hard coral Acropora millepora.

Scientific reports·2021

Same author

AmAMP1 from Acropora millepora and damicornin define a family of coral-specific antimicrobial peptides related to the Shk toxins of sea anemones.

Developmental and comparative immunology·2020

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Tracing Gene Expression Through Detection of β-galactosidase Activity in Whole Mouse Embryos

Tracing Gene Expression Through Detection of β-galactosidase Activity in Whole Mouse Embryos

Published on: June 26, 2018

Porcine beta1,4-galactosyltransferase-I sequence and expression.

E A Landers¹, H R Burkin, G T Bleck

¹Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.

Reproduction in Domestic Animals = Zuchthygiene

|August 5, 2008

Summary

The study sequenced the porcine Beta1,4-galactosyltransferase-I (B4GALT1) gene, revealing high mammalian conservation in its transmembrane and catalytic domains. This enzyme plays key roles in glycoprotein biosynthesis, lactation, and fertilization.

More Related Videos

piggyBac Transposon System Modification of Primary Human T Cells

piggyBac Transposon System Modification of Primary Human T Cells

Published on: November 5, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Tracing Gene Expression Through Detection of β-galactosidase Activity in Whole Mouse Embryos

Tracing Gene Expression Through Detection of β-galactosidase Activity in Whole Mouse Embryos

Published on: June 26, 2018

piggyBac Transposon System Modification of Primary Human T Cells

piggyBac Transposon System Modification of Primary Human T Cells

Published on: November 5, 2012

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Genetics
Molecular Biology

Background:

Beta1,4-galactosyltransferase-I (B4GALT1) is crucial for oligosaccharide synthesis and has dual roles: biosynthetic in the Golgi and signaling via plasma membrane interactions.
B4GALT1 utilizes two transcription start sites in mammals, producing isoforms with distinct functions, including lactose synthesis with alpha-lactalbumin and cell-matrix signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

To sequence the protein-coding region of the porcine B4GALT1 gene.
To compare the porcine B4GALT1 sequence with bovine, human, murine, and chicken orthologs.
To investigate the functional implications of sequence variations and conserved features.

Main Methods:

Sequencing of the 1203 base pair protein-coding region of porcine B4GALT1.
Bioinformatic analysis of deduced amino acid sequences to determine homology and identify conserved domains.
Northern blot analysis to assess gene expression patterns.

Main Results:

High sequence identity was observed in the transmembrane regions among mammals; the catalytic domain showed 84-88% identity between porcine, bovine, human, and mouse sequences.
The porcine B4GALT1 sequence contained a unique single threonine insertion in the cytoplasmic domain, with conserved putative phosphorylation sites.
A widely expressed 4.4 kb transcript was detected, with higher abundance in lactating mammary glands, supporting the enzyme's role in lactation.

Conclusions:

The conservation of two transcription start sites in porcine B4GALT1 supports the existence of two functional isoforms.
The findings highlight the evolutionary conservation of B4GALT1 functional domains across mammals, crucial for its roles in biosynthesis, lactation, and fertilization.
The identified sequence variations and conserved phosphorylation sites offer insights into the regulation and function of B4GALT1 in pigs.