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Related Experiment Videos

Equine myenteric plexus with special reference to the pelvic flexure pacemaker.

G A Burns1, J F Cummings

  • 1New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850.

The Anatomical Record
|July 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Researchers found a higher density of neurons in the equine pelvic flexure, supporting the theory of a pacemaker mechanism for regulating digesta movement and digestion in horses.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Anatomy
  • Gastrointestinal Physiology
  • Equine Neuroscience

Background:

  • The pelvic flexure pacemaker hypothesis proposes a mechanism for bidirectional colonic contractions in horses.
  • This mechanism is crucial for both retaining ingesta for digestion and facilitating its transport.
  • Previous research suggested a specialized neural control at the pelvic flexure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and distribution of neurons in the equine gastrointestinal tract.
  • To determine if neuronal density variations support the pelvic flexure pacemaker hypothesis.
  • To analyze neuronal size, age, and sex-related differences.

Main Methods:

  • Whole mount samples of the tunica muscularis were collected from 23 horses at ten anatomical sites.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Smooth muscle was enzymatically digested, and myenteric plexus neurons were stained with Cuprolinic blue.
  • Neuronal somata were quantified to assess regional density variations.

    • Main Results:

    • A statistically significant increase in neuronal density was observed at the pelvic flexure, particularly in the left dorsal colon.
    • Neuronal size varied significantly within sites but not between them.
    • No significant differences in neuronal density were found based on age or sex.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings provide strong evidence for a specialized neuronal population in the equine pelvic flexure.
    • This supports the concept of a pelvic flexure pacemaker controlling colonic motility.
    • The study corroborates the functional significance of this region in equine hindgut function.