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Systemic cold urticaria in a five-year-old boy.

N Orfan1, J Marhoul, C Lerner

  • 1Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois.

Annals of Allergy
|August 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Cold urticaria in a child was linked to cryofibrinogen. Exposure to cold triggered hives, with elevated histamine and prostaglandin D2, but normal complement levels.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Allergy

Background:

  • Urticaria is a common allergic skin reaction.
  • Cold urticaria is a physical urticaria triggered by cold exposure.
  • Diagnosis can be challenging, requiring specific testing.

Observation:

  • A 5-year-old boy presented with generalized urticaria upon whole-body cold exposure.
  • Standard ice cube testing was negative, complicating diagnosis.
  • Plasma analysis identified cryofibrinogen in the patient.

Findings:

  • Systemic cold challenge revealed elevated plasma histamine and prostaglandin D2 levels post-urticaria onset.
  • Serum complement levels remained unchanged throughout the challenge.
  • Cryofibrinogen presence correlated with cold-induced urticarial symptoms.

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Implications:

  • This case suggests cryofibrinogen may play a role in cold urticaria.
  • Findings highlight the importance of considering less common diagnostic markers.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanism linking cryofibrinogen to cold urticaria.