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Related Experiment Videos

Separating deceptive and orienting components in a Concealed Information Test.

Wolfgang Ambach1, Rudolf Stark, Martin Peper

  • 1Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, Freiburg, Germany. ambach@igpp.edu

International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology
|August 5, 2008
PubMed
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This study separated deception from orienting responses in the Concealed Information Test (CIT). Physiological measures like heart rate and respiration, not just electrodermal activity, indicated deception in liars.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Forensic Science
  • Physiology

Background:

  • The Concealed Information Test (CIT) measures physiological responses to detect deception.
  • Existing CIT research often conflates deception with orienting responses.
  • Understanding distinct physiological correlates of deception is crucial for test validity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate the physiological effects of deception from orienting responses in a modified CIT.
  • To investigate how electrodermal activity (EDA), respiration (RLL), and heart rate (HR) components relate to these processes.
  • To clarify the mental processes underlying psychophysiological measures in deception detection.

Main Methods:

  • A mock-crime study with 72 participants divided into a truth group and a lie group.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Modified CIT procedure with a 4-second response delay after item presentation.
  • Simultaneous recording of electrodermal activity (EDA), respiration (RLL), and phasic heart rate (HR).

    • Main Results:

    • Both EDA components showed inconclusive differentiation between 'probe' and 'irrelevant' items across groups.
    • Phasic heart rate and respiration differed between item classes exclusively in the 'lie' group.
    • These differences in the 'lie' group suggest they reflect answer-related processes, potentially deception, rather than solely orienting.

    Conclusions:

    • Modified CIT measures, particularly phasic HR and RLL, may better reflect deception than orienting responses.
    • The findings support the idea that different mental processes contribute to psychophysiological responses in CIT.
    • Further research is needed to fully disentangle the complex interplay of orienting and deception in CIT outcomes.