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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

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Age-related alterations in default mode network: impact on working memory performance.

Fabio Sambataro¹, Vishnu P Murty, Joseph H Callicott

¹Genes, Cognition, and Psychosis Program, Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Neurobiology of Aging

|August 5, 2008

Summary

Aging impacts brain connectivity. Older adults show reduced default mode network (DMN) functional coupling, affecting cognitive performance and resource allocation during tasks.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Aging Research
Brain Imaging

Background:

The default mode network (DMN) deactivates during cognitive tasks.
Age-related declines in DMN modulation during cognitive tasks are known.
The impact of aging on DMN functional connectivity and cognitive performance remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate age-related differences in DMN functional connectivity.
To examine the relationship between DMN connectivity and cognitive performance in aging.
To explore how task load affects DMN functional coupling in older and younger adults.

Main Methods:

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used.
Investigated functional connectivity within the DMN during a working memory task.
Compared older and younger adult subjects across varying task loads.

Main Results:

Older adults exhibited decreased DMN functional connectivity and reduced suppression of low-frequency oscillations.
Functional coupling between posterior cingulate (pCC) and medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) positively correlated with performance and was lower in older adults.
pCC showed negative coupling with task-related regions like dorsolateral PFC.

Conclusions:

Normal aging is associated with altered DMN activity and connectivity, beyond changes in task-related regions.
These DMN alterations may reflect age-related deficits in cognitive control and resource allocation.
Reduced functional coupling within the DMN could underlie cognitive performance decline in older adults.