Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Relative Motion Analysis - Acceleration

Relative Motion Analysis - Acceleration

A slider-crank mechanism converts rotational motion from the crank into linear motion of the slider or vice versa. This mechanism consists of three main parts: the crank, the connecting rod, and the slider. The movement of the slider-crank is an example of general plane motion as the fluctuating angle between the crank and the connecting rod. Consider a segment AB where point A is at the end of the slider and point B is on the diametrically opposite end to point A, on a crack. The variance in...

Position and Displacement

Position and Displacement

The position of an object defines its location relative to a convenient frame of reference at any particular time. A frame of reference is an arbitrary set of axes from which the position and motion of an object are described. Earth is often used as a frame of reference, and we often describe the position of an object as it relates to stationary objects on Earth. For example, a rocket launch could be described in terms of the position of the rocket with respect to Earth as a whole. On the other...

Position and Displacement

Position and Displacement

The position of an object defines its location relative to a convenient frame of reference at any particular time. A frame of reference is an arbitrary set of axes from which the position and motion of an object are described. Earth is often used as a frame of reference, and we often describe the position of an object as it relates to stationary objects on Earth. For example, a rocket launch could be described in terms of the position of the rocket with respect to Earth as a whole. On the other...

Relative Motion Analysis - Velocity

Relative Motion Analysis - Velocity

A stroke engine has a slider-crank mechanism that converts rotational motion from the crank into linear motion of the slider or vice versa. This mechanism consists of three main parts: the crank, the connecting rod, and the slider.
When an external force is exerted, it sets the crank into a rotational movement. This, in turn, instigates the motion of the connecting rod, leading to what is referred to as a general plane motion. This process involves two key points - point A on the connecting rod...

Position and Displacement Vectors

Position and Displacement Vectors

To describe the motion of an object, one should first be able to describe its position (where it is at any particular time). More precisely, the position needs to be specified relative to a convenient frame of reference. A frame of reference is an arbitrary set of axes from which the position and motion of an object are described. Earth is often used as a frame of reference to describe the position of an object in relation to stationary objects on Earth.
Further, several important kinds of...

Position and Displacement Vectors

Position and Displacement Vectors

To describe the motion of an object, one should first be able to describe its position (where it is at any particular time). More precisely, the position needs to be specified relative to a convenient frame of reference. A frame of reference is an arbitrary set of axes from which the position and motion of an object are described. Earth is often used as a frame of reference to describe the position of an object in relation to stationary objects on Earth.
Further, several important kinds of...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Pupil reflexes generate the peripheral drift illusion due to ON/OFF motion responses.

Vision research·2026

Same author

The Hidden Benefits of Noise: Low-Frequency tRNS and Dynamic Visual Noise Enhance Visual Processing.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2025

Same author

Form and Temporal Integration in the Perception of Simple Glass Patterns.

Vision (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Same author

How does reasoning influence intentionality attribution in the case of side effects?

Cognitive processing·2025

Same author

Visual short-term memory in action and non-action video game players: A focus on short and long delay intervals.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2025

Same author

Sparks fade with distance: The effect of electric field distribution on global motion perception using different tES techniques.

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

MPI CyberMotion Simulator: Implementation of a Novel Motion Simulator to Investigate Multisensory Path Integration in Three Dimensions

MPI CyberMotion Simulator: Implementation of a Novel Motion Simulator to Investigate Multisensory Path Integration in Three Dimensions

Published on: May 10, 2012

Distinct position assignment mechanisms revealed by cross-order motion.

Andrea Pavan¹, George Mather

¹Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padua, Italy. andrea.pavan.1@unipd.it

Vision Research

|August 5, 2008

Summary

First-order and second-order motion perception systems independently process visual position. This study found that cross-order motion, combining both types, did not induce position shifts, supporting independent encoding mechanisms.

More Related Videos

Three-Dimensional Mapping of the Rotation of Interactive Virtual Objects with Eye-Tracking Data

Three-Dimensional Mapping of the Rotation of Interactive Virtual Objects with Eye-Tracking Data

Published on: October 18, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

MPI CyberMotion Simulator: Implementation of a Novel Motion Simulator to Investigate Multisensory Path Integration in Three Dimensions

MPI CyberMotion Simulator: Implementation of a Novel Motion Simulator to Investigate Multisensory Path Integration in Three Dimensions

Published on: May 10, 2012

Three-Dimensional Mapping of the Rotation of Interactive Virtual Objects with Eye-Tracking Data

Three-Dimensional Mapping of the Rotation of Interactive Virtual Objects with Eye-Tracking Data

Published on: October 18, 2024

Area of Science:

Visual perception
Motion processing
Psychophysics

Background:

Motion perception significantly impacts how we perceive an object's position.
First-order motion (luminance-defined) shifts perceived position broadly, while second-order motion (contrast-defined) shifts it narrowly.
These differences suggest separate position assignment mechanisms for distinct motion types.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if the visual system's first-order and second-order motion pathways independently encode and assign positional information.
To determine the interaction between these two systems when processing moving stimuli.

Main Methods:

Utilized horizontally offset Gabor patches with oppositely drifting sine wave carriers.
Employed both first-order (luminance modulation) and second-order (contrast modulation) Gabors.
Subjects judged the relative position of the top Gabor compared to the bottom Gabor.

Main Results:

A strong position shift was observed with first-order Gabors, consistent with prior research.
A weak position shift occurred with second-order Gabors.
Crucially, no significant position shift was found during cross-order motion (one first-order, one second-order Gabor).

Conclusions:

The absence of a position shift in cross-order motion strongly supports the hypothesis of independent position encoding by first- and second-order motion systems.
These findings align with research on static Gabor patches, suggesting shared spatial integration processes across motion types.