Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Sperm Structure and Semen Composition

Sperm Structure and Semen Composition

During ejaculation, males release around 2-5 milliliters of semen, which is a complex mixture of mature sperm and various fluids produced by accessory glands. The mature sperm cells measure approximately 60 micrometers in length and consist of a head, neck, midpiece, and tail. The head is flattened and tapered, measuring about 4 to 5 micrometers in length. It contains a nucleus with condensed chromosomes and an acrosome, a cap-like structure filled with enzymes essential for penetrating the...

Infertility in Males

Infertility in Males

Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...

In Vitro Fertilization

In Vitro Fertilization

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
The IVF process begins with ovarian stimulation, during which reproductive endocrinologists prescribe hormonal medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the single...

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male reproductive...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The Cryotop vitrification system is competent for the simultaneous cryopreservation of large numbers of pig in vitro-produced blastocysts.

Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene·2024

Same author

Difficult airway in Eagle's syndrome.

Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion·2023

Same author

Unveiling how vitrification affects the porcine blastocyst: clues from a transcriptomic study.

Journal of animal science and biotechnology·2022

Same author

Sectional anatomic and tomographic study of the feline abdominal cavity for obtaining a three-dimensional vascular model.

Iranian journal of veterinary research·2021

Same author

Genome-wide association studies for sperm traits in Assaf sheep breed.

Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience·2021

Same author

N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)-glycine enhances in vitro pig embryo production and reduces oxidative stress.

Scientific reports·2020

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Sperm Collection of Differential Quality Using Density Gradient Centrifugation

Sperm Collection of Differential Quality Using Density Gradient Centrifugation

Published on: November 29, 2018

Boar semen variability and its effects on IVF efficiency.

M A Gil¹, C Almiñana, J Roca

¹Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain. mariagil@um.es

|August 5, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Optimizing in vitro fertilization (IVF) in pigs requires understanding boar sperm variability. Preliminary assays are crucial for maximizing IVF efficiency by tailoring conditions to individual male needs.

More Related Videos

U-Shaped Horizontal Swimming Technique for Preparing High-Quality Sperm with Low DNA Fragmentation Index

U-Shaped Horizontal Swimming Technique for Preparing High-Quality Sperm with Low DNA Fragmentation Index

Published on: March 28, 2025

Collection of Post-mating Semen from the Female Reproductive Tract and Measurement of Semen Liquefaction in Mice

Collection of Post-mating Semen from the Female Reproductive Tract and Measurement of Semen Liquefaction in Mice

Published on: November 18, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Sperm Collection of Differential Quality Using Density Gradient Centrifugation

Sperm Collection of Differential Quality Using Density Gradient Centrifugation

Published on: November 29, 2018

U-Shaped Horizontal Swimming Technique for Preparing High-Quality Sperm with Low DNA Fragmentation Index

U-Shaped Horizontal Swimming Technique for Preparing High-Quality Sperm with Low DNA Fragmentation Index

Published on: March 28, 2025

Collection of Post-mating Semen from the Female Reproductive Tract and Measurement of Semen Liquefaction in Mice

Collection of Post-mating Semen from the Female Reproductive Tract and Measurement of Semen Liquefaction in Mice

Published on: November 18, 2017

Area of Science:

Animal Science
Reproductive Biology
Biotechnology

Background:

In vitro fertilization (IVF) in pigs remains suboptimal due to polyspermy and significant boar sperm variability.
Traditional semen parameters (motility, morphology, viability) poorly predict in vitro fertility.
Boar sperm requirements during oocyte co-incubation, including sperm:oocyte ratio and medium composition, vary individually.

Purpose of the Study:

To address the limitations in predicting boar IVF efficiency using standard semen parameters.
To investigate the individual variability in boar sperm requirements for optimal in vitro fertilization.
To propose the use of preliminary assays for individual boar assessment to enhance IVF outcomes.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on boar IVF and sperm parameters.
Analysis of studies examining the relationship between semen quality and in vitro fertility.
Discussion of preliminary assays for evaluating individual boar sperm performance in IVF.

Main Results:

Semen parameters like motility and morphology show limited predictive value for in vitro fertilization success in pigs.
Individual boar sperm exhibit distinct requirements for successful in vitro fertilization, including optimal sperm:oocyte ratios and co-incubation conditions.
Variability exists not only between boars but also within a single boar's sperm characteristics over time.

Conclusions:

Standard semen analysis is insufficient for selecting boars for optimal IVF.
Tailoring IVF protocols based on preliminary assays for individual boars is essential for improving efficiency.
Further research into individual boar sperm physiology and IVF requirements is needed to overcome current limitations.