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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories

Published on: November 14, 2018

Memory for Items and Associations: Distinct Representations and Processes in Associative Recognition.

Norbou G Buchler¹, Leah L Light, Lynne M Reder

¹Carnegie Mellon University.

Journal of Memory and Language

|August 5, 2008

Summary

This study shows that memory for word pairs involves distinct item and associative information. Participants could differentiate between original word pairings and recombined or new words, supporting separate memory representations.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Neuroscience
Memory Research

Background:

Memory research often investigates the retrieval of individual items versus the relationships between items.
Distinguishing between item familiarity and associative strength is crucial for understanding memory.
Previous studies have not fully disentangled these two memory components.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether item familiarity and associative strength are stored as distinct memory representations.
To determine if these distinct representations contribute separately during memory retrieval.
To analyze participants' ability to discriminate between intact and recombined word pairs.

Main Methods:

Two experiments were conducted using word-pair recognition tasks.
Participants studied word pairs and later discriminated intact pairs from foils (recombined or new words).
Item familiarity and associative strength were manipulated by varying word-pair repetition and word associations.

Main Results:

Participants could accurately discriminate between original word pairings and recombined or new word pairs.
Error and latency data indicated that participants could differentiate associative information from item information.
The findings suggest that item and associative information are processed distinctly.

Conclusions:

Item and associative information are stored as separate memory representations.
These distinct representations independently influence memory retrieval processes.
The study provides evidence for a dual-component model of memory for relational information.