[Elevated troponin and ECG alterations in acute ischemic stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage]
1Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie Charité Cámpus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin. thomas.liman@charite.de
Insights
Raised troponin levels and ECG changes in acute stroke patients often indicate neurological injury, not heart attack. These cardiac changes signal a poor prognosis, necessitating cardiac evaluation.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Neurology
- Vascular Medicine
Context:
- Vascular diseases are leading causes of mortality and morbidity in industrialized nations.
- Co-occurrence of ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease is common.
- Cardiac abnormalities like elevated troponin and ECG changes are frequently observed in acute stroke patients.
Purpose:
- To review the incidence and potential pathophysiological mechanisms of neurologically mediated myocardial injury following acute stroke.
- To highlight the prognostic significance of cardiac changes in acute stroke.
- To emphasize the need for cardiological assessment in these patients.
Summary:
- Acute stroke can trigger myocardial injury through neurological pathways, independent of underlying ischemic heart disease.
- Elevated troponin levels and electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities in stroke patients are associated with a worse prognosis.
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a notable condition linked to this neurologically mediated cardiac damage.
Impact:
- Understanding neurologically mediated myocardial injury improves stroke patient risk stratification.
- Highlights the importance of a comprehensive cardiological work-up in acute stroke management.
- Informs clinical practice regarding the interpretation of cardiac markers in the context of neurological events.
Abstract:
Vascular diseases are the most common cause of death and disability in industrialised countries. Ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease frequently coexist in one patient. Therefore it is not surprising that raised troponin levels and ECG changes are detected comparatively often in acute stroke; however these changes do not always indicate myocardial infarction. Clinical and experimental data suggest that some kind of neurologically mediated myocardial injury exists--especially in subarachnoid hemorrhage--but not as a manifestation of concomitant ischaemic heart disease. This review summarises the frequency and possible pathophysiological mechanisms. In any case, raised troponin levels and ECG changes after acute stroke are of negative prognostic value, and a cardiological diagnostic work-up should be done.
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