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Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:

Asthma III: Clinical Manifestations

Asthma III: Clinical Manifestations

Asthma presents with a characteristic pattern of episodic respiratory symptoms that reflect underlying airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus hypersecretion. Although severity varies among individuals, certain clinical manifestations are considered hallmarks of the disorder and often guide diagnosis and assessment.Respiratory SymptomsA persistent cough is one of the most common early features of asthma. It is frequently dry and tends to worsen at night or in the early morning,...

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Methodology for Sputum Induction and Laboratory Processing

Methodology for Sputum Induction and Laboratory Processing

Published on: December 17, 2017

Exercise-induced asthma in asthmatic children. Predisposing factors.

M F Martín-Muñoz¹, L Pagliara, M C Antelo

¹Allergy service, University Pediatric Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain. mfmartin.hulp@salud.madrid.org

Allergologia Et Immunopathologia

|August 6, 2008

Summary

Allergy to indoor allergens is a risk factor for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in children with asthma. Immunotherapy may protect against EIB development in these patients.

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Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Methodology for Sputum Induction and Laboratory Processing

Methodology for Sputum Induction and Laboratory Processing

Published on: December 17, 2017

Area of Science:

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
Respiratory Medicine
Exercise Physiology

Background:

Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is highly prevalent in children with asthma, often persisting even in well-controlled cases due to high childhood physical activity levels.
Identifying specific risk and protective factors for EIB is crucial for effective management in pediatric asthma patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify factors associated with the development of EIB in children diagnosed with controlled asthma.
To explore the relationship between allergen sensitization, asthma control, and EIB occurrence.

Main Methods:

Evaluated 132 asthmatic children (6-14 years old), collecting personal/family history, performing skin prick tests, pulmonary function tests (PFTs), and exercise challenge tests (ECTs).
Utilized Chi-squared and Student's-t tests for variable comparison, and logistic regression analysis to determine independent factor effects.
Categorized patients based on EIB presence (positive ECT) and asthma control levels.

Main Results:

Of 82 included children, 41 exhibited EIB symptoms and a positive ECT. Allergy to indoor allergens was significantly associated with EIB (p=0.026).
Patients with EIB showed higher sensitization rates to indoor allergens (58.53%) compared to those without EIB (26.8%).
Pollen immunotherapy treatment was inversely associated with EIB (p=0.048), with more patients in the EIB group receiving this treatment.

Conclusions:

Allergy to indoor allergens is identified as a significant risk factor for developing EIB in children with asthma.
Immunotherapy, particularly for allergic asthma, may serve as a protective factor against the onset of EIB.