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Exercise-induced asthma in asthmatic children. Predisposing factors
M F Martín-Muñoz1, L Pagliara, M C Antelo
1Allergy service, University Pediatric Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain. mfmartin.hulp@salud.madrid.org
Allergologia Et Immunopathologia
|August 6, 2008
Summary
Allergy to indoor allergens is a risk factor for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in children with asthma. Immunotherapy may protect against EIB development in these patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
- Respiratory Medicine
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is highly prevalent in children with asthma, often persisting even in well-controlled cases due to high childhood physical activity levels.
- Identifying specific risk and protective factors for EIB is crucial for effective management in pediatric asthma patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify factors associated with the development of EIB in children diagnosed with controlled asthma.
- To explore the relationship between allergen sensitization, asthma control, and EIB occurrence.
Main Methods:
- Evaluated 132 asthmatic children (6-14 years old), collecting personal/family history, performing skin prick tests, pulmonary function tests (PFTs), and exercise challenge tests (ECTs).
- Utilized Chi-squared and Student's-t tests for variable comparison, and logistic regression analysis to determine independent factor effects.
- Categorized patients based on EIB presence (positive ECT) and asthma control levels.
Main Results:
- Of 82 included children, 41 exhibited EIB symptoms and a positive ECT. Allergy to indoor allergens was significantly associated with EIB (p=0.026).
- Patients with EIB showed higher sensitization rates to indoor allergens (58.53%) compared to those without EIB (26.8%).
- Pollen immunotherapy treatment was inversely associated with EIB (p=0.048), with more patients in the EIB group receiving this treatment.
Conclusions:
- Allergy to indoor allergens is identified as a significant risk factor for developing EIB in children with asthma.
- Immunotherapy, particularly for allergic asthma, may serve as a protective factor against the onset of EIB.
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