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Related Concept Videos

Radical Autoxidation01:20

Radical Autoxidation

The oxidation of an organic compound in the presence of air or oxygen is called autoxidation. For example, cumene reacts with oxygen to form hydroperoxide. Autoxidation involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. Many organic compounds are susceptible to autoxidation—especially ethers in the presence of oxygen, which form hydroperoxides. Even though this reaction is slow, old ether bottles contain small amounts of peroxide, which leads to laboratory explosions during ether...
Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones01:17

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox property is crucial in...
Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced in our...
Antidotes01:17

Antidotes

Antidotes are medicinal substances used to counteract the harmful effects of toxins or drugs in the body. They function in various ways, each uniquely designed to combat specific toxic compounds.
Specific antidotes operate by inhibiting the enzymes that control biochemical pathways, reducing the production of harmful metabolites.
An example of an antidote is atropine, which counteracts the detrimental effects of cholinesterase inhibitors. It achieves this by deactivating muscarinic receptors,...
Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules01:19

Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules

Energy production within a cell involves many coordinated chemical pathways. Most of these pathways are combinations of oxidation and reduction reactions, which occur at the same time. An oxidation reaction strips an electron from an atom in a compound, and the addition of this electron to another compound is a reduction reaction. Because oxidation and reduction usually occur together, these pairs of reactions are called redox reactions.
The removal of an electron from a molecule, results in a...
Role of Reduced Coenzymes NADH and FADH₂01:29

Role of Reduced Coenzymes NADH and FADH₂

The energy released from the breakdown of the chemical bonds within nutrients can be stored either through the reduction of electron carriers or in the bonds of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In living systems, a small class of compounds functions as mobile electron carriers, molecules that bind to and shuttle high-energy electrons between compounds in pathways. The principal electron carriers that will be considered originate from the B vitamin group and are derivatives of nucleotides; they are...

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Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidants for Cosmetic Applications Using Polyol-Based Technology
07:05

Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidants for Cosmetic Applications Using Polyol-Based Technology

Published on: August 23, 2024

Natural antioxidants.

Diane S Berson1

  • 1Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA. dsb2001@med.cornell.edu

Journal of Drugs in Dermatology : JDD
|August 7, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Topical antioxidants can combat skin damage from oxidative stress. Natural ingredients like soy and green tea show promise in treating photoaging and other skin conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Skin is constantly exposed to oxidative stress, damaging DNA, lipids, and proteins.
  • Natural skin antioxidants can be depleted by environmental factors, leading to oxidative damage.
  • Topical antioxidants can replenish skin's antioxidant capacity and prevent damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review natural antioxidant ingredients for topical use.
  • To summarize their active components, properties, and clinical effectiveness.
  • To assess their potential in treating oxidative stress-induced dermatoses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and summary of existing clinical trials.
  • Focus on natural ingredients: soy, feverfew, mushroom extracts, teas, CoffeeBerry, Pycnogenol, and Polypodium leucotomos.
  • Analysis of pharmacologic properties and clinical efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Several natural ingredients possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
  • These compounds show potential in treating photoaging and other oxidative stress-related skin conditions.
  • Clinical trials indicate promising efficacy for topical application.

Conclusions:

  • Natural antioxidants are valuable for replenishing skin's defense against oxidative stress.
  • Topical application of these ingredients offers a promising therapeutic strategy.
  • Further research supports their use in managing dermatoses caused by oxidative damage.