Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Type I Diabetes I: Introduction01:12

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Synovial Telocytes are Characterized by Efhd1, Dpp4, and Pi16 Expression, Show High Responsiveness to Osmotic Stress, and Exhibit Fibroblast Plasticity Potential.

Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)·2026
Same author

20 years of progress in the classification of immune-mediated diseases.

Nature reviews. Rheumatology·2026
Same author

TRIM21 facilitates inflammasome assembly and contributes to autoinflammatory disease.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Hepatic Manifestations and Response to Treatment in Deficiency of Adenosine Deaminase 2.

Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver·2026
Same author

NK cell dysfunction and interferon-γ production underlie autoinflammation in mevalonate kinase deficiency.

Immunity·2026
Same author

Cofilin-1 is a redox-sensitive guard of the NLRP3 inflammasome.

Nature immunology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets
07:12

Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets

Published on: April 16, 2015

STAT4: genetics, mechanisms, and implications for autoimmunity.

Benjamin D Korman1, Daniel L Kastner, Peter K Gregersen

  • 1National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal, and Skin Diseases, 9 Memorial Drive, NIH Building 9, Room 1W108, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
|August 7, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A common STAT4 gene variation increases risk for autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. Further research into how this STAT4 variant affects immune function is needed to understand autoimmunity.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets
07:12

Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets

Published on: April 16, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Genetic factors play a crucial role in autoimmune disease development.
  • A specific STAT4 gene haplotype is linked to increased susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of STAT4 gene polymorphisms in autoimmune disease pathogenesis.
  • To understand how STAT4 variants influence immune cell function and contribute to autoimmunity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of genetic association studies linking STAT4 to autoimmune diseases.
  • Analysis of STAT4's function as a transcription factor in immune signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • A common STAT4 haplotype is strongly and consistently associated with multiple autoimmune conditions.
  • STAT4 mediates signals from key cytokines (IL-12, IL-23, type 1 IFN) crucial for T-cell differentiation and monocyte activation.

Conclusions:

  • The STAT4 gene is a significant genetic risk factor for autoimmune diseases.
  • Elucidating the precise mechanisms of STAT4 variant function in immune modulation is essential for understanding autoimmunity.
  • Further research into STAT4's role may reveal novel therapeutic targets for autoimmune conditions.