Methods for measuring in-vivo percutaneous absorption in humans

Area of Science:

• Toxicology
• Dermal Absorption Research

Background:

• In-vivo human data on percutaneous absorption is essential for accurate health risk assessment of dermal exposure.
• Such data serves as the gold standard for validating in-vitro systems and predictive mathematical models.
• Current in-vivo methods are limited, highlighting the need for comprehensive reviews.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review various methods for determining percutaneous absorption in vivo in humans.
• To discuss the advantages and limitations of each method.
• To assess their utility in comparing with in-vitro/predictive models and for health risk assessment.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on in-vivo percutaneous absorption measurement techniques.
• Discussion of established methods: chemical/metabolite analysis, microdialysis, tape stripping.
• Exploration of emerging non-invasive techniques like infrared and Raman spectroscopy.

Main Results:

• Established methods like biological sample analysis, microdialysis, and tape stripping are discussed.
• Emerging spectrophotometric methods (IR, Raman) show promise but require further validation.
• The review provides a comparative analysis of methods for data generation.

Conclusions:

• In-vivo human percutaneous absorption data is vital for chemical risk assessment and biological monitoring.
• Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of different measurement techniques is crucial for selecting appropriate methods.
• Further development and validation of non-invasive techniques are needed to enhance data acquisition for human health risk assessment.