Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations01:15

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations

Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is commonly administered via intermittent intravenous infusion to treat severe infections. An intermittent one-hour infusion of gentamicin, administered at eight-hour intervals, allows for precise control of plasma drug concentrations, minimizing toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy. Pharmacokinetic principles govern the dynamics of plasma concentrations and can be mathematically described using specific equations.The plasma drug concentration...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mechanistic Effects of Propofol against Renal-ischemia Reperfusion Injury: A Systematic Review.

Current drug research reviews·2026
Same author

Possible involvement of keratinocyte-derived microvesicle particles in human photosensitivity disorders.

Photochemistry and photobiology·2025
Same author

Possible involvement of keratinocyte-derived microvesicle particles in human photosensitivity disorders.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2025
Same author

A Novel Maturation Equation for Hepatic Clearance Across Preterm, Term Neonates, Children, and Adults: Application to Paracetamol and Its Metabolite.

Journal of clinical pharmacology·2025
Same author

Association Between Gallstone Disease and Risk of Mortality of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Cardiovascular & hematological disorders drug targets·2024
Same author

The Effects and Safety of Silymarin on β-thalassemia in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review based on Clinical Trial Studies.

Reviews on recent clinical trials·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

A Neonatal Mouse Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Lamina Propria Isolation for Immune Cell Profiling
09:13

A Neonatal Mouse Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Lamina Propria Isolation for Immune Cell Profiling

Published on: September 19, 2025

Individualising netilmicin dosing in neonates.

Catherine M T Sherwin1, Roland S Broadbent, Natalie J Medlicott

  • 1Department of Women's and Child Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand. catherine.sherwin@stonebow.otago.ac.nz

European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
|August 8, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Optimizing netilmicin dosing for neonates involves adjusting dosage by body weight and dosing interval by postmenstrual age (PMA) and current body weight (CWT). This ensures safer and more effective treatment for neonatal sepsis.

More Related Videos

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis
08:46

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis

Published on: August 12, 2020

Intravenous Injections in Neonatal Mice
05:17

Intravenous Injections in Neonatal Mice

Published on: November 11, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

A Neonatal Mouse Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Lamina Propria Isolation for Immune Cell Profiling
09:13

A Neonatal Mouse Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Lamina Propria Isolation for Immune Cell Profiling

Published on: September 19, 2025

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis
08:46

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis

Published on: August 12, 2020

Intravenous Injections in Neonatal Mice
05:17

Intravenous Injections in Neonatal Mice

Published on: November 11, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal pharmacokinetics
  • Pediatric pharmacology
  • Infectious disease management

Background:

  • Netilmicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections in neonates.
  • Accurate dosing is crucial to maximize efficacy and minimize toxicity in this vulnerable population.
  • Existing dosing regimens may not fully account for individual variations in neonates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an optimal and individualized dosing regimen for netilmicin in neonates.
  • To identify key patient factors influencing netilmicin pharmacokinetics.
  • To simulate and propose specific dosing strategies based on these factors.

Main Methods:

  • Population pharmacokinetic analysis of 97 neonates treated with netilmicin for suspected sepsis.
  • Covariate modeling to identify factors affecting netilmicin clearance (CL) and volume of distribution (V).
  • Simulation of various dosing regimens to determine optimal strategies.

Main Results:

  • Postmenstrual age (PMA) and current body weight (CWT) were the primary determinants of netilmicin clearance.
  • Current body weight (CWT) was the principal determinant of the volume of distribution.
  • An optimal dosing regimen was proposed based on PMA and CWT, with specific recommendations for different PMA categories.

Conclusions:

  • Individualizing netilmicin dosage in neonates is essential.
  • Dose adjustments should consider body weight.
  • Dosing intervals must be tailored to both postmenstrual age and body weight for effective neonatal sepsis treatment.