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Related Concept Videos

The Colloidal State01:29

The Colloidal State

The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called the...
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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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Stress is a quantity that describes the magnitude of a force that causes deformation, generally defined as internal force per unit area. When forces pull on an object and cause its elongation, like the stretching of an elastic band, it is called tensile stress. When forces cause the compression of an object, it is known as compressive stress. When an object is being squeezed uniformly from all sides, like a submarine in the depths of the ocean, we call this kind of stress bulk stress (or volume...
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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...

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Force-Clamp Rheometry for Characterizing Protein-based Hydrogels
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Published on: August 21, 2018

Flow-induced conformational changes in gelatin structure and colloidal stabilization.

Mustafa Akbulut1, Naveen K Reddy, Bernd Bechtloff

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|August 9, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fluid flow and energy dissipation can alter gelatin's structure and adsorption onto nanoparticles, enhancing colloid stability. Increased mixing velocity and temperature improve nanoparticle resistance to aggregation.

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Area of Science:

  • Colloid and Surface Science
  • Biophysics
  • Fluid Mechanics

Background:

  • Flow influences solute adsorption by altering mass transfer.
  • Macromolecular conformation can change under flow-induced stress, affecting surface adsorption.
  • Limited studies explore flow-induced conformational changes in adsorbed macromolecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate how local energy dissipation affects gelatin adsorption on polystyrene nanoparticles.
  • Determine if flow-induced conformational changes alter gelatin's adsorption behavior and impact nanoparticle aggregation.
  • Quantify the relationship between mixing parameters and colloid stability.

Main Methods:

  • Circular dichroism spectroscopy to assess gelatin conformational changes.
  • Dynamic light scattering to measure nanoparticle aggregation and colloid stability.
  • Vortex jet mixer for controlled mixing with quantified energy density and time.

Main Results:

  • Gelatin adsorption provides steric stabilization to nanoparticles.
  • Nanoparticle stability increased with higher mixing velocities (0.9 to 550 m/s), reducing aggregate size.
  • Increased temperature also enhanced colloid stability, mirroring effects of increased mixing velocity.
  • Linear flow birefringence indicated flow fields induced gelatin conformational changes.

Conclusions:

  • Energy dissipation from mixing can induce conformational changes in gelatin.
  • These conformational changes alter gelatin's adsorption onto nanoparticle surfaces.
  • Understanding flow-induced macromolecular adsorption is crucial for industrial and scientific applications.