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[Celiac disease].

Georgia Malamut1, Christophe Cellier

  • 1Service d'hépatogastroentérologie, Hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, Université Paris-Descartes, 75908 Paris 15, France. georgia.malamut@egp.aphp.fr

La Revue Du Praticien
|August 12, 2008
PubMed
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Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy triggered by gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. A strict gluten-free diet is crucial for managing symptoms and preventing serious complications like lymphoma.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Context:

  • Celiac disease affects approximately 1% of the population in Europe and the USA.
  • It is an enteropathy linked to gluten consumption in individuals with specific genetic predispositions (HLA DQ2/DQ8).
  • Clinical manifestations are diverse, including anemia, oral ulcers, amenorrhea, and joint pain.

Purpose:

  • To outline the diagnostic criteria for celiac disease.
  • To detail the primary treatment strategy involving gluten elimination.
  • To highlight the importance of adherence and screening for complications.

Summary:

  • Diagnosis requires confirming duodenal villous atrophy and detecting specific serum antibodies.
  • Treatment involves a strict gluten-free diet, excluding wheat, barley, and rye.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Adherence to the diet prevents complications such as osteopenia and malignancies, though refractory sprue and lymphoma require monitoring.

    • Impact:

    • Effective management through a gluten-free diet prevents severe health issues.
    • Early diagnosis and adherence are key to improving patient outcomes.
    • Awareness of varied symptoms aids in timely diagnosis and intervention.