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Chemistry of Carbohydrates03:25

Chemistry of Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are an essential part of the diet in humans and animals. Grains, fruits, and vegetables are natural sources of carbohydrates that provide energy to the body, particularly through glucose, a simple sugar that is a component of starch and an ingredient in many staple foods. The stoichiometric formula (CH2O)n, where n is the number of carbons in the molecule represents carbohydrates. In other words, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen is 1:2:1 in carbohydrate molecules. This...
Chemistry of Carbohydrates03:25

Chemistry of Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are an essential part of the diet in humans and animals. Grains, fruits, and vegetables are natural sources of carbohydrates that provide energy to the body, particularly through glucose, a simple sugar that is a component of starch and an ingredient in many staple foods. The stoichiometric formula (CH2O)n, where n is the number of carbons in the molecule represents carbohydrates. In other words, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen is 1:2:1 in carbohydrate molecules. This...
Chemistry of Carbohydrates03:25

Chemistry of Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are an essential part of the diet in humans and animals. Grains, fruits, and vegetables are natural sources of carbohydrates that provide energy to the body, particularly through glucose, a simple sugar that is a component of starch and an ingredient in many staple foods. The stoichiometric formula (CH2O)n, where n is the number of carbons in the molecule represents carbohydrates. In other words, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen is 1:2:1 in carbohydrate molecules. This...
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Sugar (a simple carbohydrate) metabolism (chemical reactions) is a classic example of the many cellular processes that use and produce energy. Living things consume sugar as a major energy source because sugar molecules have considerable energy stored within their bonds. Consumed carbohydrates have their origins in photosynthesizing organisms like plants. During photosynthesis, plants use the energy of sunlight to convert carbon dioxide gas into sugar molecules, like glucose. Because this...
Sugars as Energy Storage Molecules01:10

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Sugar (a simple carbohydrate) metabolism (chemical reactions) is a classic example of the many cellular processes that use and produce energy. Living things consume sugar as a major energy source because sugar molecules have considerable energy stored within their bonds. Consumed carbohydrates have their origins in photosynthesizing organisms like plants. During photosynthesis, plants use the energy of sunlight to convert carbon dioxide gas into sugar molecules, like glucose. Because this...
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Pure Shift Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: a New Tool for Plant Metabolomics
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Mining significant tree patterns in carbohydrate sugar chains.

Kosuke Hashimoto1, Ichigaku Takigawa, Motoki Shiga

  • 1Bioinformatics Center, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji 611-0011, Japan.

Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
|August 12, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a novel computational method to efficiently identify significant glycan motifs, which are crucial tree-like structures in glycobiology. This approach significantly improves the analysis and classification of complex carbohydrate data.

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Area of Science:

  • Glycobiology
  • Computational Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Glycans, the third major class of macromolecules, possess complex tree-like structures.
  • Identifying conserved and ubiquitous glycan motifs is vital for understanding biological functions.
  • Existing computational methods lack efficiency in capturing these motifs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient computational method for mining significant subtrees (motifs) from glycans.
  • To introduce the concept of 'á-closed frequent subtrees' for motif discovery.
  • To apply statistical methods for ranking and validating discovered motifs.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel algorithm for mining 'á-closed frequent subtrees' from glycan structures.
  • Integrated statistical hypothesis testing to re-rank frequent subtrees based on significance.
  • Validated the method using real glycan data and a classification task.

Main Results:

  • Identified significant glycan motifs confirmed by experts in glycobiology.
  • The proposed method outperformed Support Vector Machine (SVM) with different tree kernels in a classification task.
  • All identified subtrees were statistically significant, demonstrating the method's effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method provides an efficient and statistically robust approach for glycan motif discovery.
  • This advancement facilitates deeper insights into the biological roles of glycans.
  • The method shows superior performance in glycan-based classification problems.