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Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Source and Route of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Contamination in Tea Samples
Published on: September 28, 2022
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids from Echium glomeratum (Boraginaceae)
Feras Q Alali1, Yahya R Tahboub, Eyad S Ibrahim
1Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan. falali@just.edu.jo
Abstract:
The methanolic extract of the whole plant of Echium glomeratum Poir. (Boraginaceae) has afforded five pyrrolizidine alkaloids, three that were (7S, 8R)-petranine (1), (7S, 8S)-petranine (2), and (7R, 8R)-petranine (3a) or (7R, 8S)-petranine (3b), comprising a tricyclic pyrrolizidine alkaloids subclass; and two that were known but to the species: 7-angeloylretronecine (4) and 9-angeloylretronecine (5). All compounds were tested against a human tumor panel for cytotoxicity; no activity was observed (EC50 values>20microg/ml).
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