The pitfall of coagulase-negative staphylococci: a case of Staphylococcus lugdunensis endocarditis

We report a case of a 60-year-old woman. She was transferred from a local hospital to our cardiovascular medicine department with a diagnosis of infectious endocarditis due to Staphylococcus lugdunensis. Transthoracic echocardiograph confirmed the presence of large vegetations on the native aortic and mitral valve, and subsequent severe regurgitation due to the aortic and mitral valve destruction. Emergent operation was performed and patient's life was barely rescued. However, S. lugdunensis belongs to coagulase-negative staphylococci, which are generally regarded as relatively avirulent bacterium, the endocarditis caused by S. lugdunensis can be invasive and often resembles endocarditis due to Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, whenever this organism is found in patients with endocarditis, early surgical treatment of the infected valve should be considered.