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Accelerated aging for testing polymeric biomaterials and medical devices.

D W L Hukins1, A Mahomed, S N Kukureka

  • 1School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. D.W.Hukins@bham.ac.uk

Medical Engineering & Physics
|August 12, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Accelerating polymer aging with heat is common. A simple rule suggests aging doubles with a 10°C rise, but a more accurate method uses a specific temperature increment to predict aging rates for materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Kinetics

Background:

  • Elevated temperatures accelerate polymer aging, crucial for medical devices and material applications.
  • A common empirical rule assumes aging rate doubles per 10°C increase (2^(DeltaT/10)).
  • This rule is equivalent to assuming a first-order reaction with a specific activation energy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the common empirical rule for accelerated polymer aging.
  • To propose a more generalized method for predicting temperature-dependent aging rates.
  • To provide a practical approach when direct activation energy determination is not feasible.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the Arrhenius equation and its relation to polymer aging.
  • Mathematical derivation of a generalized aging rate acceleration factor.
  • Comparison of the empirical rule with the proposed generalized method.

Main Results:

  • The 2^(DeltaT/10) rule is a simplification based on empirical observation.
  • A more accurate factor is n^(DeltaT/theta), where 'n' is the rate increase for a 'theta'°C rise.
  • This generalized factor is applicable as long as no new aging processes are initiated.

Conclusions:

  • The simple rule for accelerated polymer aging is an approximation.
  • A generalized formula provides a more adaptable method for predicting aging rates.
  • Understanding temperature effects is critical for accurate material lifespan prediction.