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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Identifying Bone Marrow Microenvironmental Populations in Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia
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Identifying Bone Marrow Microenvironmental Populations in Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Published on: November 10, 2023

Epigenetics in acute myeloid leukemia.

Christoph Plass1, Christopher Oakes, William Blum

  • 1German Cancer Research Center, Division of Toxicology and Cancer Risk Factors, Heidelberg, Germany. c.plass@dkfz.de <c.plass@dkfz.de>

Seminars in Oncology
|August 12, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) involves uncontrolled cancer cell growth disrupting normal blood formation. Epigenetic alterations, which are reversible, are key to AML development and offer new therapeutic targets.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of neoplastic hematopoietic precursor cells.
  • This proliferation disrupts normal hematopoiesis, leading to bone marrow failure and potentially life-threatening complications.
  • While genetic mutations have been extensively studied, epigenetic alterations are increasingly recognized as crucial drivers of AML initiation and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of normal epigenetic processes.
  • To outline the known epigenetic alterations in Acute myeloid leukemia.
  • To discuss the application of epigenetic therapies in improving AML treatment.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes current scientific literature on epigenetics and Acute myeloid leukemia.
  • It examines genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying AML pathogenesis.
  • The review discusses the therapeutic potential of targeting epigenetic modifications.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic alterations, distinct from genetic mutations, play a significant role in AML development.
  • These alterations affect gene expression without changing DNA sequence.
  • Epigenetic modifications are pharmacologically reversible, presenting promising therapeutic avenues.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic dysregulation is a critical factor in Acute myeloid leukemia.
  • Targeting epigenetic mechanisms offers a promising strategy for novel AML therapies.
  • Further research into epigenetic alterations can lead to improved treatment outcomes for AML patients.