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Long-term outcome for children with acute renal failure following cardiac surgery
N J Shaw1, J T Brocklebank, D F Dickinson
1Department of Paediatrics, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, U.K.
Insights
Acute renal failure in children after cardiac surgery is serious, with many survivors experiencing long-term kidney issues. Continued monitoring of renal function is crucial for these young patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Cardiac surgery in children can lead to acute kidney injury.
- Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant complication following pediatric cardiac surgery.
- Long-term renal outcomes in survivors of AKI post-cardiac surgery require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the long-term renal function in children who survived acute renal failure after cardiac surgery.
- To identify potential long-term renal abnormalities in pediatric survivors of AKI.
- To emphasize the need for comprehensive renal assessment in this patient population.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery over a five-year period.
- Identification of patients who developed acute renal failure requiring dialysis.
- Long-term follow-up assessment of renal function in survivors (1-5 years post-AKI).
Main Results:
- 34 children (2.9%) developed acute renal failure requiring dialysis post-cardiac surgery.
- 17 children (50%) recovered renal function, with 11 (32%) long-term survivors.
- Three survivors exhibited significant renal function abnormalities despite normal urinalysis.
Conclusions:
- A notable proportion of children surviving acute renal failure post-cardiac surgery may have persistent renal dysfunction.
- Routine urinalysis may not detect all long-term renal abnormalities in these patients.
- Detailed, long-term renal function assessment is recommended for children who experience AKI following cardiac surgery.
Abstract:
Acute renal failure requiring dialysis occurred in 34 children (2.9%) following cardiac surgery over a five year period. 17 children (50%) recovered renal function with 11 (32%) long-term survivors. The long-term outcome for the survivors, in terms of renal function, was studied from 1 to 5 years after their episodes of acute renal failure. Three children had significant abnormalities of renal function despite normal urinalysis. Detailed assessment of renal function is advocated for children who survive acute renal failure following cardiac surgery.