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Related Concept Videos

Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction01:26

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction

Cushing syndrome refers to the collection of clinical manifestations that arise when tissues are exposed to excessive amounts of cortisol or cortisol-like medications over an extended period. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, regulates metabolism, immune responses, and the body’s adaptation to stress. When its concentration remains chronically elevated, these physiological pathways become dysregulated, resulting in the characteristic features of the syndrome.Exogenous...
Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology01:19

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...
Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands01:17

Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands

The adrenal or supra-renal glands, situated above the kidneys and aligned with the twelfth rib, are paired pyramid-shaped structures crucial for the body's stress response. During stress, these glands secrete hormones vital for adaptive physiological reactions.
These glands possess a distinctive yellow tinge due to the stored cholesterol and fatty acids required for hormone synthesis. They are encased in a fibrous capsule and cushioned by fat.
The adrenal gland comprises two distinct regions...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...

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A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
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[Adrenocortical carcinoma].

Chamutal Gur1, Asher Salmon, Noa Silvetski

  • 1Endocrinology & Metabolism Service, Ein-Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel.

Harefuah
|August 13, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare, aggressive cancer. Treatment combines Mitotane with chemotherapy to manage hormone overproduction and reduce tumor size, but patient outcomes vary widely.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology

Context:

  • Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy.
  • Prognosis is generally poor, with significant variability in disease course.
  • Clinical presentation often involves hormone hypersecretion, most commonly Cushing's syndrome.

Purpose:

  • To outline the clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and current medical therapy for adrenocortical carcinoma.
  • To highlight the challenges in managing ACC due to its rarity and variable progression.

Summary:

  • ACC presents with hormonal hypersecretion (e.g., Cushing's syndrome) in ~60% of cases or is incidentally found via imaging.
  • Medical therapy for unresectable, partially resected, or metastatic ACC involves Mitotane combined with chemotherapy.
  • This treatment aims to control hormone excess and decrease tumor burden.

Impact:

  • Current therapeutic strategies aim to improve survival and quality of life for ACC patients.
  • Understanding ACC's variable course is crucial for personalized treatment planning.
  • Further research is needed to improve outcomes for this rare cancer.