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Social Exchange Theory02:06

Social Exchange Theory

We have discussed why we form relationships, what attracts us to others, and different types of love. But what determines whether we are satisfied with and stay in a relationship? One theory that provides an explanation is social exchange theory. According to social exchange theory, we act as naïve economists in keeping a tally of the ratio of costs and benefits of forming and maintaining a relationship with others (Rusbult & Van Lange, 2003).
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Social Exchange Theory

As formulated by John Thibaut and Harold Kelley, Social Exchange Theory explains human relationships as economic-like exchanges that maximize rewards and minimize costs. This theory suggests that individuals engage in relationships to gain benefits and reduce burdens, similar to economic transactions. It has been widely applied to various types of relationships, including romantic, professional, and social interactions.Rewards and Costs in RelationshipsRelationship rewards include emotional...
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Another way in which a group presence can affect performance is social loafing—the exertion of less effort by a person working together with a group. Social loafing occurs when our individual performance cannot be evaluated separately from the group. Thus, group performance declines on easy tasks (Karau & Williams, 1993). Essentially individual group members loaf and let other group members pick up the slack. Because each individual’s efforts cannot be evaluated, individuals become less...
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Ultrasonography is an imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the body's internal structures. It is a non-invasive and safe procedure that does not involve the use of ionizing radiation, making it widely used in various medical fields. Ultrasonography is used to study heart function, blood flow in the neck or extremities, certain conditions such as gallbladder disease, and fetal growth and development.
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Evidence-based Knowledge Synthesis and Hypothesis Validation: Navigating Biomedical Knowledge Bases via Explainable AI and Agentic Systems
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The UMLS Knowledge Source Server: an experience in Web 2.0 technologies.

Karen E Thorn1, Anantha K Bangalore, Allen C Browne

  • 1National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.

AMIA ... Annual Symposium Proceedings. AMIA Symposium
|August 13, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) Knowledge Source Server was updated to address limitations. New Web 2.0 technologies enhance its functionality and usability for researchers.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Informatics
  • Health Informatics
  • Medical Knowledge Systems

Background:

  • The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) Knowledge Source Server (UMLSKS) provides access to UMLS knowledge sources for researchers.
  • The 2003 redesign of UMLSKS, while an improvement, introduced technology-dependent issues affecting functionality and usability.
  • Identified areas for enhancement include software interfaces, web content, system maintenance, and user authentication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the limitations of the existing UMLSKS.
  • To detail the issues present in the current system.
  • To describe the design of a new UMLSKS utilizing next-generation web technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Employing next-generation web technologies.
  • Implementing newer authentication paradigms.
  • Refining modular design methods.
  • Detailing existing system issues and proposing a new design.

Main Results:

  • The new design aims to correct identified issues in software interfaces, web content, system maintenance, and user authentication.
  • The system will leverage Web 2.0 technologies for improved performance and user experience.
  • Enhanced modular design principles will facilitate easier system maintenance and deployment.

Conclusions:

  • The redesigned UMLSKS, incorporating Web 2.0 technologies, is expected to overcome previous limitations.
  • The updated system will offer improved functionality, usability, and maintainability for the research community.
  • This advancement ensures the UMLSKS continues to meet the evolving needs of its users.