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Radiotherapy for large symptomatic hemangiomas.

S E Schild1, S J Buskirk, L M Frick

  • 1Section of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, FL 32224.

International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
|August 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Radiotherapy effectively shrinks large hemangiomas and resolves symptoms in most patients. This treatment offers long-term relief for unresectable or partially resected tumors, including those with life-threatening complications.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Vascular Malformations

Background:

  • Large symptomatic unresectable or partially resected hemangiomas pose significant clinical challenges.
  • These vascular tumors can cause severe pain, functional impairment, and life-threatening coagulopathies (Kasabach-Merritt syndrome).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of radiotherapy in treating large symptomatic unresectable or partially resected hemangiomas.
  • To assess tumor response, symptom resolution, and long-term outcomes following radiation therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 13 patients treated with orthovoltage and megavoltage photons between 1974 and 1988.
  • Radiation doses ranged from 6.25 to 40.0 Gy in fractions.
  • Follow-up ranged from 2 to 15 years.

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Main Results:

  • Tumor shrinkage observed in 82% of cases; complete response in 36% and partial response in 45%.
  • Symptom relief achieved in all patients (100%), with complete resolution in 77%.
  • Hematologic values normalized in patients with Kasabach-Merritt syndrome; no tumor regrowth or long-term morbidity reported.

Conclusions:

  • Radiotherapy is an effective treatment for large unresectable or partially resected hemangiomas.
  • It yields significant tumor shrinkage and long-term symptom relief, including for life-threatening cases.
  • Higher doses (≥30 Gy) may be associated with improved complete response rates.