Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 2, 2026
07:30
Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions
Published on: April 23, 2021
Relationship between silent brain infarction and chronic kidney disease
Mayumi Kobayashi1, Nobuhito Hirawa, Keisuke Yatsu
1Department of Medical Science, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine and School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
Summary
Silent brain infarction (SBI) is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) independently predicts SBI, highlighting the need for intensive hypertension management in CKD.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Neurology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
Background:
- Silent brain infarction (SBI) increases risks for stroke and dementia.
- The link between SBI and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is unclear.
- Factors associated with SBI in CKD patients require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To clarify the association between SBI and CKD.
- To identify factors related to SBI in CKD patients.
- To determine if SBI prevalence varies by CKD stage or cause.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 375 subjects (335 with CKD, 40 with essential hypertension).
- Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) used to detect SBI.
- Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimated; cardiovascular risk factors assessed.
Main Results:
- SBI prevalence was 56.5% overall.
- Hypertensive nephrosclerosis was strongly associated with SBI.
- Higher prevalence of SBI correlated with more severe CKD stages (lower eGFR).
- Lower eGFR, age, and blood pressure independently predicted SBI.
Conclusions:
- An independent association exists between estimated GFR (eGFR) and SBI.
- CKD patients need active SBI detection.
- Intensive preventive management, particularly for hypertension, is crucial for CKD patients to prevent SBI.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
01:22Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction
Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
01:24Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
01:29Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
01:29Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
01:30Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...