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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells

Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own EpiSCs...
Healing II: Complications01:24

Healing II: Complications

Complications during healing arise when tissue repair is altered by local or systemic factors. These changes involve abnormal collagen deposition, altered biomechanics, and reduced vascular supply, impairing restoration of normal structure and function.Loss of FunctionScar tissue differs significantly from the original tissue it replaces. In the skin, fibrosis lacks adnexal structures such as hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands. Their absence reduces tactile sensitivity, impairs...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
04:44

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

Published on: June 16, 2020

New developments in localized scleroderma.

Francesco Zulian1

  • 1Division of Paediatric Rheumatology, Department of Paediatrics, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

Current Opinion in Rheumatology
|August 14, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Localized scleroderma (morphea) in children requires early diagnosis and effective treatment. Recent research advances understanding of its causes and introduces new assessment tools and therapies, including bosentan for severe cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric dermatology
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Localized scleroderma, or morphea, is the predominant form of scleroderma in pediatric populations.
  • Timely diagnosis, comprehensive assessment, and effective interventions are crucial for optimizing long-term patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding the etiopathogenesis of localized scleroderma.
  • To discuss novel outcome measures for disease assessment and the development of future therapeutic trials.
  • To highlight emerging treatment options for refractory cases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature focusing on localized scleroderma.
  • Analysis of studies investigating disease mechanisms, such as microchimerism and phototherapy.
  • Evaluation of new outcome measures and therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Recent studies provide insights into the etiopathogenesis, including microchimerism and phototherapy mechanisms.
  • New outcome measures have been developed for disease assessment and clinical trials.
  • Established treatments like methotrexate and phototherapy show continued efficacy. Bosentan demonstrates promise for refractory pansclerotic morphea.

Conclusions:

  • Outcome measures play a significant role in assessing and monitoring localized scleroderma.
  • These advancements have implications for both clinical practice and the design of future clinical trials.
  • Emerging therapies offer new hope for managing severe or refractory disease.