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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell01:06

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...

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Phenotypic Analysis and Isolation of Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Lineage-committed Progenitors
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Phenotypic Analysis and Isolation of Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Lineage-committed Progenitors

Published on: July 8, 2012

Noise-driven stem cell and progenitor population dynamics.

Martin Hoffmann1, Hannah H Chang, Sui Huang

  • 1Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. hoffmann@izbi.uni-leipzig.de

Plos One
|August 14, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stem cell differentiation dynamics are governed by environmentally-influenced cellular noise. This new model explains how external signals modulate noise to control stem cell and progenitor populations.

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Combining Intravital Fluorescent Microscopy (IVFM) with Genetic Models to Study Engraftment Dynamics of Hematopoietic Cells to Bone Marrow Niches
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Area of Science:

  • Cellular and Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Stem cell maintenance and differentiation are influenced by the cellular environment.
  • State transitions were previously understood as molecular network attractor states.
  • Stochastic fluctuations were thought to trigger or suppress transitions but not determine states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel mathematical model for stem and progenitor cell population dynamics.
  • To describe these dynamics as a probabilistic process influenced by proliferation and differentiation state fluctuations.
  • To investigate the role of state-dependent noise amplitudes in determining attractor states.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a probabilistic model for cell population dynamics.
  • Incorporated cell proliferation and fluctuations in differentiation states.
  • Modeled noise amplitudes as state-dependent and environmentally determined.
  • Validated the model against observed differentiation and dedifferentiation dynamics in promyelocytic precursor cells.

Main Results:

  • Stem and progenitor cell population dynamics are governed by a probabilistic process.
  • State fluctuations reflect random transitions in regulatory network activation patterns.
  • Environmentally-determined, state-dependent noise amplitudes set attractor states and control population dynamics.
  • The model quantitatively reproduces observed differentiation dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • External signals can control stem and progenitor cell population dynamics through state-specific noise modulation.
  • The environment's influence on cellular noise regulation is a key factor.
  • Proposed follow-up experiments to quantify environmental imprinting on cellular noise.