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Related Concept Videos

Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant heat.
Heat Flow and Specific Heat01:12

Heat Flow and Specific Heat

Heat is a type of energy transfer that is caused by a temperature difference, and it can change the temperature of an object. Since heat is a form of energy, its SI unit is the joule (J). Another common unit of energy often used for heat is the calorie (cal), which is defined as the energy needed to change the temperature of 1 g of water by 1 °C, specifically between 14.5 °C and 15.5 °C, since the energy needed shows a slight temperature dependence. Another commonly used unit is the kilocalorie...
Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

Mechanism of heat transfer

Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Comparative Study of Simulation of Temperature Rise in Ring Main Unit
04:35

Comparative Study of Simulation of Temperature Rise in Ring Main Unit

Published on: July 5, 2024

Superconducting switch for large heat flow below 50 mK.

M Krusius1, D N Paulson, J C Wheatley

  • 1Department of Physics, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|March 1, 1978
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel zinc superconducting heat switch was fabricated to thermally link a dilution refrigerator and a nuclear demagnetization refrigerator, demonstrating effective thermal coupling for advanced cryogenic applications.

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Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Comparative Study of Simulation of Temperature Rise in Ring Main Unit
04:35

Comparative Study of Simulation of Temperature Rise in Ring Main Unit

Published on: July 5, 2024

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Low-temperature physics
  • Materials science
  • Cryogenics

Background:

  • Dilution refrigerators and nuclear demagnetization refrigerators are crucial for achieving ultra-low temperatures.
  • Efficient thermal coupling between cryogenic stages is essential for optimal performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a zinc superconducting heat switch.
  • To enable thermal linking between a dilution refrigerator and a nuclear demagnetization refrigerator.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a zinc superconducting heat switch.
  • Performance testing of the heat switch in a cryogenic environment.

Main Results:

  • Successful fabrication of the zinc superconducting heat switch.
  • Demonstrated effective thermal coupling between the refrigerator stages.

Conclusions:

  • The zinc superconducting heat switch is a viable component for advanced cryogenic systems.
  • This technology facilitates improved thermal management in ultra-low temperature research.