Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...
Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II01:19

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II

In gas chromatography, different detectors are employed to meet specific analytical needs. These detectors are often categorized based on their detection mechanisms and the types of compounds they are best suited to analyze. Thermal Conductivity Detectors (TCD), Flame Ionization Detectors (FID), and Electron Capture Detectors (ECD) represent common categories, each with unique operating principles and applications. However, beyond these, several other detectors are designed for more specialized...
Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview

In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then passed on to...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Van de Graaff Generator01:15

Van de Graaff Generator

Van de Graaff generators (or Van de Graaffs) are devices used to demonstrate high voltage due to static electricity that can also be used for research. Robert Van de Graaff first built one in 1931 (based on original suggestions by Lord Kelvin) for use in nuclear physics research.
Van de Graaff uses both smooth and pointed surfaces, conductors, and insulators to generate large static charges and, hence, large voltages. A substantial excess charge can be deposited on the sphere because it moves...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Hygiene of the Teeth.

The Dental register·2021
Same author

Sun exposure of indoor workers in the UK - survey on the time spent outdoors.

Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology·2018
Same author

Long term variations in erythema effective solar UV at Chilton, UK, from 1991 to 2015.

Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology·2017
Same author

Low-energy light bulbs, computers, tablets and the blue light hazard.

Eye (London, England)·2016
Same author

Safety of light emitting diodes in toys.

Journal of radiological protection : official journal of the Society for Radiological Protection·2012
Same author

Assessment of personal exposures to optical radiation in large entertainment venues.

Radiation protection dosimetry·2011

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of F−
06:53

Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of F−

Published on: July 27, 2018

Gas discharge ion source. II. Duopigatron.

F M Bacon1, R W Bickes, J B O'Hagan

  • 1Sandia Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|April 1, 1978
PubMed
Summary

Researchers optimized duopigatron ion source performance by testing design variations. A copper and molybdenum secondary cathode with a mild steel plasma expansion cup yielded the best results, producing high atomic ion content.

Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Ion Source Technology
  • Vacuum Engineering

Background:

  • Duopigatron ion sources are critical for various applications requiring high-intensity ion beams.
  • Optimizing ion source performance is essential for improving efficiency and beam quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance characteristics of different duopigatron ion source designs.
  • To identify design modifications that enhance ion current, beam quality, and ion species distribution.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic variation of duopigatron components: plasma expansion cup material/dimensions, secondary cathode material, and interelectrode spacings.
  • Measurement of key performance metrics: total ion current, ion energy distribution, mass distribution, and ion current density distribution.

More Related Videos

Low-energy Cathodoluminescence for (Oxy)Nitride Phosphors
07:03

Low-energy Cathodoluminescence for (Oxy)Nitride Phosphors

Published on: November 15, 2016

An Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Setup to Investigate the Reactive Species Formation
08:36

An Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Setup to Investigate the Reactive Species Formation

Published on: November 3, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of F−
06:53

Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of F−

Published on: July 27, 2018

Low-energy Cathodoluminescence for (Oxy)Nitride Phosphors
07:03

Low-energy Cathodoluminescence for (Oxy)Nitride Phosphors

Published on: November 15, 2016

An Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Setup to Investigate the Reactive Species Formation
08:36

An Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Setup to Investigate the Reactive Species Formation

Published on: November 3, 2016

  • Analysis of design trade-offs impacting beam characteristics.

    • Main Results:

    • A duopigatron configuration with a copper and molybdenum secondary cathode and a mild steel plasma expansion cup demonstrated superior performance.
    • Optimized designs achieved a total ion current of 180 mA with 60%-70% atomic ions at 9.3 Pa source pressure.
    • Shallower plasma expansion cups resulted in increased beam current and a more concentrated ion current density profile.
    • Ion energy distributions exhibited bell-shaped curves, peaking 10-20 V below anode potential.

    Conclusions:

    • Design modifications significantly influence duopigatron ion source performance.
    • Specific material choices and dimensional adjustments can optimize ion beam characteristics for targeted applications.
    • The study provides valuable data for the development of advanced duopigatron ion sources.