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Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview

Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview

In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then passed on to...

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
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Mass Analyzers: Common Types

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The quadrupole mass analyzer consists of four cylindrical metal rods arranged in a diamond carrying a DC voltage and a radio-frequency AC voltage. The motion of ions through the quadrupole depends on the field strength, causing only ions of a certain m/z to resonate successfully and strike the detector at a given field strength. Though the transmission rate for these analyzers is high, the exact elemental composition of the sample is not determined because of low resolution; however, they are...

Electron Configuration of Multielectron Atoms

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh

Preparing an Isotopically Pure ²²⁹Th Ion Beam for Studies of ^229mTh

Published on: May 3, 2019

Characteristics of the Berkeley multicusp ion source.

K W Ehlers¹, K N Leung

¹Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|November 1, 1979

Summary

This study details a line-cusp ion source for neutral beam injectors, achieving high current densities. Performance is optimized by managing gas pressure and analyzing plasma parameters for efficient operation.

Area of Science:

Plasma Physics
Ion Source Technology
Neutral Beam Injection

Background:

Line-cusp ion sources are crucial for neutral beam injectors.
Optimizing ion source performance is key for efficient plasma generation.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate the performance of a cubical permanent magnet line-cusp ion source.
Analyze plasma parameters and operational characteristics for neutral beam applications.

Main Methods:

Utilized a fast Langmuir probe sweeping circuit for plasma analysis.
Employed calorimetric measurements for heat load assessment.
Mass spectrometry was used to determine species composition.

Main Results:

Achieved high discharge currents (>500 A) and ion current densities (>400 mA/cm2).

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Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator

Published on: May 9, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh

Preparing an Isotopically Pure ²²⁹Th Ion Beam for Studies of ^229mTh

Published on: May 3, 2019

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator

Published on: May 9, 2014

Density profile uniformity depends on gas pressure; plasma parameters analyzed.

Heat load on the plasma grid was calorimetrically compared.

Mode flipping observed with magnetic-field-free cathodes.

Conclusions:

The line-cusp ion source shows promising performance for neutral beam injectors.
Operational parameters like gas pressure significantly influence plasma uniformity.
Further investigation into cathode materials and mode flipping is warranted for long-pulse operation.