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Related Concept Videos

Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
Joule-Thomson Effect01:21

Joule-Thomson Effect

The Joule-Thomson effect, also known as the Joule-Kelvin effect, describes the temperature change of a fluid when it is forced through a valve or porous plug while keeping it in a thermally insulated environment. This experiment is called a throttling process. This is an important effect widely used in refrigeration and the liquefaction of gases.
This experiment forces high-pressure gas through a throttle valve or a porous plug to a lower-pressure region. The gas expands as it passes through to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
11:08

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Published on: November 30, 2012

Novel CO(2)/N(2)O waveguide laser.

R Gerlach1, N M Amer

  • 1Applied Laser Spectroscopy Group, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|December 1, 1979
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel, easily constructed waveguide laser design was developed. This new laser design was successfully demonstrated for carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) gas applications.

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Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy
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Published on: November 22, 2019

Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies
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Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies

Published on: December 18, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
11:08

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Published on: November 30, 2012

Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy
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Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy

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Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies
09:38

Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies

Published on: December 18, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Laser Technology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Waveguide lasers offer compact and efficient light sources.
  • Previous designs may require specialized materials or complex fabrication.
  • There is a need for accessible waveguide laser systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a new, easily constructible waveguide laser design.
  • To demonstrate the versatility of the design for different gas media.
  • To provide a cost-effective alternative for waveguide laser applications.

Main Methods:

  • A novel waveguide laser cavity was designed using readily available materials.
  • The laser was assembled and tested.
  • Performance was evaluated using carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) as gain media.

Main Results:

  • Successful operation of the waveguide laser was achieved.
  • An output power of 8.5 W was obtained for CO2.
  • An output power of 1.5 W was obtained for N2O.

Conclusions:

  • The presented waveguide laser design is effective and easy to build.
  • The design is suitable for various gas laser applications, including CO2 and N2O.
  • This work facilitates wider adoption of waveguide laser technology.